Posted on 04/29/2013 4:26:50 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson
It seems to me most necessary that we should all settle together now, first, Sicily and then exploitation thereof, and, secondly, the future of the Burma campaign in the light of our experiences and the shipping stringency. There are also a number of other burning questions which you and I could with advantage bring up to date. I think I could manage to be with you by Tuesday, May 11. Please say whether you would like this, or whether you would prefer to send your people over here, which of course would be easier for us.
Winston S. Churchill, The Hinge of Fate
http://www.onwar.com/chrono/1943/apr1943/f29apr43.htm
British 8th Army takes Sidi Abdallah
Thursday, April 29, 1943 www.onwar.com
In North Africa... British forces capture Sidi Abdallah.
In Berlin... Hitler meets with the prime minister of Vichy France, Pierre Laval.
In Occupied Poland... A German sponsored 11 member “International Medical Commission” dissects 8 Polish corpses, found at Katyn, and reports that Soviet forces committed the massacre in the spring of 1940, using German small arms.
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/andrew.etherington/frame.htm
April 29th, 1943 (THURSDAY)
UNITED KINGDOM: The RAF has converted key areas of the Baltic into a minefield which paralyses shipping. Known to aircrew by the codeword “Gardening” (because areas where mines are laid are named after flowers), mine-laying is a little-publicized form of warfare, yet one which can have deadly results for U-boats on their way to patrol or training areas. Almost 11,400 mines were dropped by Bomber Command last year in spite of heavy flak from ships. In all, 23 aircraft were lost in last night’s mission.
Escort carrier HMS Striker commissioned. (Dave Shirlaw)
GERMANY: U-861, U-981, U-982 launched.
U-975 commissioned.
U-870, U-1233 laid down.
(Dave Shirlaw)
NORWAY: Six British commandos place limpet mines on German ships, but are caught by a patrol.
U.S.S.R.: A series of minor attacks in the Caucasus slowly pushes the Germans back.
TUNISIA: 2nd Lt. Louis Curdes, USAAF, 82nd FG, 95th FS, shoots down three German Me-109s and damages a fourth near Cap Bon. (Stuart Kohn)
AUSTRALIA: 79 Sqn RAAF move to Wooloomanata, a station and extemporised airfield near Geelong. (Daniel Ross)
U.S.A.: The motion picture “Mission to Moscow” is previewed at the Earle Theatre in Washington, D.C. to members of the government and the press. Directed by Michael Curtiz, it stars Walter Huston, Oscar Homolka, George Tobias and Gene Lockhart. This propaganda film about the U.S. Ambassador to Moscow, Joseph Davies, in the 1930s contains interesting insights into America’s concepts of the USSR before World War II.
The documentary short “Mission Accomplished” is released in the U.S. This ten-minute film details the first high-altitude daylight bombing of Germany by USAAF B-17 bombers. (Jack McKillop)
Submarine USS Becuna laid down.
Destroyer escort USS Jacob Jones commissioned. (Dave Shirlaw)
ATLANTIC OCEAN: A U-boat sinks five merchant ships off the West African coast.
One man was lost when a 461 Sqn Sunderland attacked U-119.
U-332 sunk in the Bay of Biscay north of Cape Finisterre, Spain, in position 45.08N, 09.33W, by depth charges from an RAF 224 Sqn Liberator. 45 dead (all hands lost).
At 2334, the Nanking was hit in the bow by one of two torpedoes fired by U-123 and sank at 0013 after being missed by a coup de grâce twelve minutes earlier.
At 0924, U-258 fired torpedoes at Convoy ONS-5 and reported hits on three ships. However, only one torpedo hit the McKeesport, the other torpedoes detonated away from the convoy after missing the ship, which had been in station #42 but had fallen slightly astern. The torpedo struck on the starboard side at the collision bulkhead and the #1 hold. The explosion blew out all beams, hatches and ballast, put the steering gear out of order and opened a large hole. The ship continued at full speed for 45 minutes, but developed a list of 20° to port and began to sink further by the head. Then the twelve officers, 31 crewmen and 25 armed guards (the ship was armed with one 4in and nine 20mm guns) abandoned ship in four lifeboats. Due to the list, they had difficulties to launch the boats; some of them became tangled in the lifenets. The survivors were picked up within 30 minutes by armed trawler HMS Northern Gem and landed on 8 May at St John’s, but one men died of exposure on the vessel. HMS Tay was ordered to sink the ship by gunfire, but apparently the vessel stayed afloat and was sunk at 1455 by two coup de grâce from U-258. (Dave Shirlaw)
Do you have the complete Morganthau story? The one about forced savings?
No. I can get it on my next library trip.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_bond
United States
See also: Series E bond
President Franklin D. Roosevelt introduces the Series E Bond.
By the summer of 1940, the victories of Nazi Germany against Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands and France brought urgency to the government discreetly preparing for possible United States involvement in World War II.[35] Of principal concern were issues surrounding war financing. Many of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s advisers favored a system of tax increases and enforced savings program as advocated by British economist John Maynard Keynes.[35] In theory, this would permit increased spending while decreasing the risk of inflation.[35] Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. however preferred a voluntary loan system and began planning a national defense bond program in the fall of 1940. The intent was to unite the attractiveness of the baby bonds that had been implemented in the interwar period with the patriotic element of the Liberty Bonds from the First World War.[36]
Cover of the August 1943 issue of the 4 Favorites showing “War Bond” beating Hirohito, Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini.
Morgenthau sought the aid of Peter Odegard, a political scientist specialized in propaganda, in drawing up the goals for the bond program.[37] On the advice of Odegard the Treasury began marketing the previously successful baby bonds as “defense bonds”.[37] Three new series of bond notes, Series E, F and G, would be introduced, of which Series E would be targeted at individuals as “defense bonds”.[37] Like the baby bonds, they were sold for as little as $18.75 and matured in ten years, at which time the United States government paid the bondholder $25[37] Large denominations of between $50 and $1000 were also made available, all of which, unlike the Liberty Bonds of the First World War, were non-negotiable bonds.[37] For those that found it difficult to purchase an entire bond at once, 10 cent savings stamps could be purchased and collected in Treasury approved stamp albums until the recipient had accumulated enough stamps for a bond purchase.[38] The name of the bonds was eventually changed to War Bonds after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, which resulted in the United States entering the war.
The War Finance Committee was placed in charge of supervising the sale of all bonds, and the War Advertising Council promoted voluntary compliance with bond buying. Popular contemporary art was used to help promote the bonds such as the Warner Brothers theatrical cartoon, Any Bonds Today?. More than a quarter of a billion dollars worth of advertising was donated during the first three years of the National Defense Savings Program. The government appealed to the public through popular culture. Norman Rockwell’s painting series, the Four Freedoms, toured in a war bond effort that raised $132 million.[39][40] Bond rallies were held throughout the country with famous celebrities, usually Hollywood film stars, to enhance the bond advertising effectiveness. The Music Publishers Protective Association encouraged its members to include patriotic messages on the front of their sheet music like “Buy U.S. Bonds and Stamps”. Over the course of the war 85 million Americans purchased bonds totalling approximately $185.7 billion.
The National Service Board for Religious Objectors offered civilian bonds in the United States during World War II, primarily to members of the historic peace churches as an alternative for those who could not conscientiously buy something meant to support the war. These were U.S. Government Bonds not labelled as defense bonds. In all, 33,006 subscriptions were sold for a total value of $6,740,161, mostly to Mennonites, Brethren and Quakers.[41][42]
https://wipol.uni-hohenheim.de/fileadmin/einrichtungen/wipol/Publikationen_Spahn/howtopay.pdf
On Keynes’s How to Pay for the War
"Members of the Sicherheitsdienst (SD) and other SS soldiers query a Hasidic Jew during the liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto in April 1943.
The interrogator may well have desired information about Jews in hiding.
Ghetto Judenrat members and some other Warsaw Jews had hoped during 1941 and 1942 that, by developing the ghetto as a dependable source of labor, the majority of inhabitants might be saved.
By the time of the uprising, however, Jewish assumptions of Nazi rationality had evaporated.
If the soldiers seen here were determined to pry information from the assembled captives, they were likely disappointed."
"A manhole cover from the Warsaw Ghetto offers tragic testimony to the fate of thousands of Jews.
Jews engaged in resistance used sewers to escape and as avenues of transportation during the revolt.
Sewers were also important links between Jewish Resistance fighters and the Polish underground, which operated on the Aryan side of Warsaw."
"Ukrainian SS soldiers examine the bodies of Jews at the entrance to a destroyed apartment house in the Warsaw Ghetto.
Auxiliary units from the Ukraine provided crucial manpower that was necessary to implement the Nazis' genocidal campaigns.
The Ukrainian units were renowned for their brutal efficiency."
Ezra Pound was eventually arrested by US forces in Italy. He was judged not mentally fit to stand trial and spent a dozen years in St. Elizabeth’s Hospital in Washington. When released he returned to Italy where he reportedly gave the fascist salute. According to close acquaintances he never gave up his anti-Semitic views.
I’m curious about the term “forced savings.” Is that just another news-speak term for taxes?
What say you?
So it is connected with the new payroll withholding. Interesting
http://www.independent.org/newsroom/article.asp?id=2092
Wartime Origins of Modern Income-Tax Withholding
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.