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Dei Verbum (Catholics and the Bible)
Catholic Exchange ^ | December 18, 2007 | Mickey Addison

Posted on 12/18/2007 1:52:09 PM PST by NYer

Some Christians believe that Catholics are not encouraged to read the Bible.  In fact, the opposite is true...and why wouldn't it be, after all, the Bible is a Catholic book.  What do I mean by that?

The Catholic Church, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, wrote the Bible.  The Catholic Church assembled the Canon (List) of books in the Bible, and the Catholic Church has safeguarded the Bible for 2,000 years.  The Church treasures Sacred Scripture because it is the Word of God.  The Church loves Holy Writ, so much so that she orders her prayer and worship around it.

First, let me dispel the idea that Catholics are not encouraged to read the Bible.  On the contrary, we are exhorted to spend time in God's Word often.  St Jerome, a famous Bible scholar (A.D. 342-420) and Catholic monk, wrote, "Ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ."  He translated the Bible into Latin, the common tongue of the day, and his translation (Latin Vulgate) was the translation for 1,000 years.  Far from withholding the Holy Book from the people, the Catholic Church ensured that the Bible would be available to anyone who wanted it by preserving the definitive translation of it.

Listen to what the Second Vatican Council says about Sacred Scripture: "The Church has always venerated the divine Scriptures just as she venerates the body of the Lord, since, especially in the sacred liturgy, she unceasingly receives and offers to the faithful the bread of life from the table both of God's word and of Christ's body. She has always maintained them, and continues to do so, together with sacred tradition, as the supreme rule of faith, since, as inspired by God and committed once and for all to writing, they impart the word of God Himself without change, and make the voice of the Holy Spirit resound in the words of the prophets and Apostles" (Dei Verbum, #21).

Ah...I hear someone murmur from the back row...what about the Council of Trent?  Didn't that council forbid Catholics to read the Bible?  No, exactly the opposite.  The Council Fathers wrote, "...the synod, following the examples of the orthodox Fathers, receives and venerates with an equal affection of piety and reverence all the books both of the Old and New Testament, seeing that one God is the author of both..." (April 8, 1546).  What the Council forbade was the reading of unapproved translations of Sacred Scripture since they could not vouch for the authenticity of any version not reviewed by Biblical scholars guided by the Magesterium of the Church.  To do otherwise would have given the "seal of approval" to potentially heretical books masquerading as the Bible and in the theological and political turmoil of 16th century Europe, there were plenty of "Bibles" out there that didn't measure up.  (If you have ever taken a gander at the New World Translation, the "Bible" of Jehovah's Witnesses, you would understand how egregious doctrinal errors can be spread through a faulty translation.)

The Second Vatican Council, echoing the constant teaching of the Church, decreed the necessity for the Bible to be accessible to the faithful and ecumenical if possible: "Easy access to Sacred Scripture should be provided for all the Christian faithful...But since the word of God should be accessible at all times, the Church by her authority and with maternal concern sees to it that suitable and correct translations are made into different languages, especially from the original texts of the sacred books. And should the opportunity arise and the Church authorities approve, if these translations are produced in cooperation with the separated brethren as well, all Christians will be able to use them" (DV #22).

Today, with the myriad of translations, the surest way to know that your Bible is trustworthy is to look for the imprimatur ("let it be printed") by a bishop on the inside cover.

 Jesus Christ established the Church on Pentecost, under the leadership of the Apostles and the guidance of the Spirit.  The Apostles and their followers are the ones who began to write the letters and books that would become the New Testament.  Jesus didn't flip an armload of scrolls to His followers and tell them to "figure it out for yourself, you've got the Spirit"; He gave the Apostles the authority to teach and guide in His Name.  Most of the books of the New Testament were written in the first 100 years after the Resurrection, by men who either met Christ in Person on earth, or by men who knew the Apostles.  In other words, Catholics wrote the Bible under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.

How did the Church assemble Sacred Scripture into the Bible we know today?  The Council of Trent (A.D. 1546) decreed the definitive list, but the canon of Scripture they promulgated was merely formalizing the decrees of earlier synods of bishops on the same subject.  The Synod of Hippo (A.D. 393) and the three of Carthage (A.D. 393, 397, and 419), where St Augustine likely played a leading role, drew up the canon of Scripture that Trent later ratified.  Frankly, it wasn't until the 16th century that a decree from Rome on the Canon was even necessary, since almost everyone used the Latin Vulgate anyway.

To appreciate how much the Church treasures Sacred Scripture, one need only spend a day in prayer with her.  The hours of the day are marked with Lauds, Vespers, and Compline, where Psalms and Canticles are sung and passages from the Bible prayed over.  Other times of the day are marked with the Angelus or Regina Caeli, prayers that recount the joy of the Gospel's Incarnation and Resurrection narratives.  Most importantly, the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass immerses us in Scripture as we participate in the Sacrifice of Christ on Calvary.  Most of the prayers and all of the four readings come from the Bible, a journey through salvation history at each celebration.

Finally, one last, and perhaps the most important, comment about the Bible.  While it is true that the Church is immersed in Scripture, it is also true that Revelation is not confined to the 72 books of the Bible.  The Bible itself records that Jesus did many other signs in the presence of (his) disciples that are not written in this book (Jn 20:30). 

Because the Bible is the Church's book, it is not intended to be read apart from the Liturgy and Sacred Tradition of the Church. 

Immerse yourself in the Bible...it's a very Catholic thing to do!


TOPICS: Apologetics; Catholic; Theology; Worship
KEYWORDS: bible; catholic; scripture
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To: Resolute Conservative
Exactly. I missed the part where John, Paul, Matthew et. al. were Catholics.Don’t get me started.

They nor anybody else at that time called themselves "Catholic" or "catholic" simply because the word means widespread or universal. The absence of the word in your New Testament, therefore, is entirely attributable to the fact that the Christian church was in its infancy.

The combination "the Catholic Church" (he katholike ekklesia) is found for the first time in the letter of St. Ignatius to the Smyrnaeans, written about the year 110. The words run: "Wheresoever the bishop shall appear, there let the people be, even as where Jesus may be, there is the universal [katholike] Church."

The evangelists who wrote the Gospels are the foundation stones of the universal (or Catholic) Church.

41 posted on 12/18/2007 4:00:20 PM PST by marshmallow
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To: NYer
The Catholic Church, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, wrote the Bible. The Catholic Church assembled the Canon (List) of books in the Bible, and the Catholic Church has safeguarded the Bible for 2,000 years.

1. GOD wrote the Bible via the Holy Spirit, and none of the Apostles were Catholics as any sane person would define the term.

2. Athanasius compiled the canonical list of books included in the New Testament - his time predates the split between Orthodox and Catholic, so claiming him as Catholic is not entirely correct. This is dissembling.

3. The Vulgate was not as accurate as later versions, and, further, translation from Latin into languages that the people spoke such as German, English, etc. was fought by the Catholic church for many years.

42 posted on 12/18/2007 4:19:11 PM PST by ikka
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To: NYer
The Catholic Church, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, wrote the Bible.

I didn't know that Moses, David, Paul, Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Peter, Jude, et al, were Catholic. News to me!

I have been teaching the Bible for 30 years, and never ran across this tidbit. Amazing!

43 posted on 12/18/2007 4:48:11 PM PST by LiteKeeper (Beware the secularization of America; the Islamization of Eurabia)
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To: topcat54
Moses, David, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Peter, Paul, James, Luke, etc were all members of God's one holy covenant people (Catholic church).

You will have to excuse some of us. We just presumed when the author of the article said,"The Catholic Church, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, wrote the Bible" that he meant the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church and not the God's one holy covenant people Catholic church.

The error, of course, is in believing the "catholic church" is limited to a particular sect with its headquarters in a certain Italian city.

The error would be the author's capitalization of "Catholic Church" if he meant to say "catholic church." Capitalizing it indicates that it is a denomination headquartered in Rome, and not the universal church (church catholic).

44 posted on 12/18/2007 5:00:16 PM PST by Between the Lines (I am very cognizant of my fallibility, sinfulness, and other limitations.)
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To: NYer

NYer, this is undoubtedly one of the worst articles I have seen on the FR religion board. Why the Latin Church would allow this puerile drivel to be published under its name is absolutely beyond me. Whoever is responsible for this should be ashamed and the editor of this site fired.

If this Mickey Addison is typical of Latin rite catechists, I can only say that its no wonder the Latin Church here is in the sorry state its in.


45 posted on 12/18/2007 5:10:38 PM PST by Kolokotronis (Christ is Risen, and you, o death, are annihilated!)
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To: Soliton

What was the lingua franca of (Western) Europe in the 4th Century? 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th?

You would be surprised. It starts with an L and ends in N.

And don’t even attempt to quote Foxe as an authoritative source.


46 posted on 12/18/2007 5:32:33 PM PST by StAthanasiustheGreat (Vocatus Atque Non Vocatus Deus Aderit)
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To: Resolute Conservative

And you are KJV only?


47 posted on 12/18/2007 5:33:38 PM PST by StAthanasiustheGreat (Vocatus Atque Non Vocatus Deus Aderit)
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To: Alex Murphy
The Catholic Church, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, wrote the Bible.

LOL!!! I can't think of ONE authentic Catholic church father listed in the scriptures. I suppose they could try to claim Peter, but that's 2 books out of 66. :O)

48 posted on 12/18/2007 5:35:40 PM PST by HarleyD
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To: Always Right

“Perhaps they meant re-wrote it.”

No, that was Luther.


49 posted on 12/18/2007 5:39:15 PM PST by G Larry (HILLARY CARE = DYING IN LINE!)
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Comment #50 Removed by Moderator

To: NYer
Dei Verbum (Catholics and the Bible)

Catholic and Protestant Bibles: What is the Difference?

Glimpsing Words, Practices, or Beliefs Unique to Catholicism [Bible Trivia]

Should We Take the Bible Literally or Figuratively?

Doctrinal Concordance of the Bible [What Catholics Believe from the Bible] Catholic Caucus

Pope Urges Prayerful Reading of Bible

51 posted on 12/18/2007 5:53:09 PM PST by Salvation (†With God all things are possible.†)
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To: Resolute Conservative

Bet you didn’t miss the part on
One
Holy
Catholic
Apostolic

though........The Catholic Church is founded on the apostles by Jesus Christ.

What about your church?


52 posted on 12/18/2007 5:54:45 PM PST by Salvation (†With God all things are possible.†)
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To: StAthanasiustheGreat

I don’t understand why this is such a touchy subject. The Roman Catholic Church has priests to teach laymen. The illiteracy rate during the dark ages was enourmous. Any lingua franca would have only been of use to clerics.

Even after Gutenberg, books were rare and expensive. There was little chance of an average parishoner ever touching one. this began to change when Wycliff and later Tyndale began churning out hand written english translations. It ended when Henry put bibles in every church in England with readers there to read to individuals.

The Church persecuted and killed Wycliff and Tyndale and excommunicated Henry and others involved in this process. Just like they killed thousands in the Crusades and the Inquisition. It was a different time. it was a bloody time.

Catholics today are and should be ashamed of this in the same way I am ashamed of some American History, but we are not to blame for what others did before we were born.


53 posted on 12/18/2007 5:54:54 PM PST by Soliton (Freddie T is the one for me! (c))
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To: tiki
I don’t really want to get you started but if they weren’t Catholics what were they? I’m truly curious.

They were members of the "Church of God" mentioned twelve time in New Testament scripture. First time is Acts 20:28 and the last is II Thessalonians 1:4. They were called "Churches (Plural) of Christ" one time in Romans 16:16. In [John 17:11] Our Lord prays that the Father would keep them (the Church) in His own name. And now I am no more in the world, but these are in the world, and I come to thee. Holy Father, keep through thine own name those whom thou hast given me, that they may be one, as we are.

God's name is not "Catholic"!

54 posted on 12/18/2007 6:06:04 PM PST by Diego1618
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To: Kolokotronis; NYer
NYer, this is undoubtedly one of the worst articles I have seen on the FR religion board. Why the Latin Church would allow this puerile drivel to be published under its name is absolutely beyond me. Whoever is responsible for this should be ashamed and the editor of this site fired.

If this Mickey Addison is typical of Latin rite catechists, I can only say that its no wonder the Latin Church here is in the sorry state its in.

Ouch.

55 posted on 12/18/2007 6:08:50 PM PST by Alex Murphy ("Therefore the prudent keep silent at that time, for it is an evil time." - Amos 5:13)
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To: NYer
Some Christians believe that Catholics are not encouraged to read the Bible. In fact, the opposite is true...and why wouldn’t it be, after all, the Bible is a Catholic book. What do I mean by that? >>

Right, the Catholics wrote the bible, translated the bible, copied the bible, and kept the bible in print, by hand, during the middle ages.

What many protestants and cathoics don’t know is that the present lectionary we use at mass is also used by the: lutherans, presbyterians and methodists. How’s that for us not knowing the bible then I guess the protestants don’t know it either.

Also, by attending sunday mass for three years the bible is read and then interpreted by a priest.

56 posted on 12/18/2007 6:31:07 PM PST by Coleus
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To: Coleus
Also, by attending sunday mass for three years the bible is read and then interpreted by a priest.

I have heard that ; but I'm unsure that it is true.

57 posted on 12/18/2007 7:03:53 PM PST by Uri’el-2012 (you shall know that I, YHvH, your Savior, and your Redeemer, am the Elohim of Ya'aqob. Isaiah 60:16)
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To: Soliton
Catholics today are and should be ashamed of this in the same way I am ashamed of some American History, but we are not to blame for what others did before we were born.

There have been atrocities committed in the name of both Catholicism and Protestantism. You'll no doubt be happy to acknowledge the latter, just as you insist on the former.

As far as the Church's reticence concerning individual reading of the Scriptures is concerned, firstly it has been hugely exaggerated and secondly it was entirely out of concern for the spiritual well being of the faithful when it was prescribed. The events of the last 500 years have shown that concern to be well placed. In the name of personal interpretation of Scripture, Christianity has been thoroughly splintered into a multitude of conflicting voices.

During the course of the first millennium of her existence, the Church did not promulgate any law concerning the reading of Scripture in the vernacular. The faithful were rather encouraged to read the Sacred Books according to their spiritual needs.

The next five hundred years show only local regulations concerning the use of the Bible in the vernacular. On 2 January, 1080, Gregory VII wrote to the Duke of Bohemia that he could not allow the publication of the Scriptures in the language of the country. The letter was written chiefly to refuse the petition of the Bohemians for permission to conduct Divine service in the Slavic language. The pontiff feared that the reading of the Bible in the vernacular would lead to irreverence and wrong interpretation of the inspired text (St. Gregory VII, "Epist.", vii, xi).

The second document belongs to the time of the Waldensian and Albigensian heresies. The Bishop of Metz had written to Innocent III that there existed in his diocese a perfect frenzy for the Bible in the vernacular. In 1199 the pope replied that in general the desire to read the Scriptures was praiseworthy, but that the practice was dangerous for the simple and unlearned ("Epist., II, cxli; Hurter, "Gesch. des. Papstes Innocent III", Hamburg, 1842, IV, 501 sqq.). After the death of Innocent III, the Synod of Toulouse directed in 1229 its fourteenth canon against the misuse of Sacred Scripture on the part of the Cathari (Hefele, "Concilgesch", Freiburg, 1863, V, 875). In 1233 the Synod of Tarragona issued a similar prohibition in its second canon, but both these laws are intended only for the countries subject to the jurisdiction of the respective synods (Hefele, ibid., 918). The Third Synod of Oxford, in 1408, owing to the disorders of the Lollards, who in addition to their crimes of violence and anarchy had introduced virulent interpolations into the vernacular sacred text, issued a law in virtue of which only the versions approved by the local ordinary or the provincial council were allowed to be read by the laity (Hefele, op. cit., VI, 817).

It is only in the beginning of the last five hundred years that we meet with a general law of the Church concerning the reading of the Bible in the vernacular. On 24 March, 1564, Pius IV promulgated in his Constitution, "Dominici gregis", the Index of Prohibited Books. According to the third rule, the Old Testament may be read in the vernacular by pious and learned men, according to the judgment of the bishop, as a help to the better understanding of the Vulgate. The fourth rule places in the hands of the bishop or the inquisitor the power of allowing the reading of the New Testament in the vernacular to laymen who according to the judgment of their confessor or their pastor can profit by this practice.

Sixtus V reserved this power to himself or the Sacred Congregation of the Index, and Clement VIII added this restriction to the fourth rule of the Index, by way of appendix. Benedict XIV required that the vernacular version read by laymen should be either approved by the Holy See or provided with notes taken from the writings of the Fathers or of learned and pious authors. It then became an open question whether this order of Benedict XIV was intended to supersede the former legislation or to further restrict it. This doubt was not removed by the next three documents: the condemnation of certain errors of the Jansenist Quesnel as to the necessity of reading the Bible, by the Bull "Unigenitus" issued by Clement XI on 8 Sept., 1713; the condemnation of the same teaching maintained in the Synod of Pistoia, by the Bull "Auctorem fidei" issued on 28 Aug., 1794, by Pius VI; the warning against allowing the laity indiscriminately to read the Scriptures in the vernacular, addressed to the Bishop of Mohileff by Pius VII, on 3 Sept., 1816. But the Decree issued by the Sacred Congregation of the Index on 7 Jan., 1836, seems to render it clear that henceforth the laity may read vernacular versions of the Scriptures, if they be either approved by the Holy See, or provided with notes taken from the writings of the Fathers or of learned Catholic authors. The same regulation was repeated by Gregory XVI in his Encyclical of 8 May, 1844. In general, the Church has always allowed the reading of the Bible in the vernacular, if it was desirable for the spiritual needs of her children; she has forbidden it only when it was almost certain to cause serious spiritual harm.

Compare this solicitous and paternal attitude with the pulpit pimps of the 20th and 21st centuries, who untroubled by the virtue of prudence, and with little understanding of the Church fathers, simply leap to their feet and tell the gullible that "the Bible sez........" and proceed to air all manner of fantasies and half-baked theories about the Holy Books.

As for Wycliff, he was a flaming heretic, who not only rebeled against papal authority but also brazenly denied critical Catholic doctrine, especially that concerning transubstantiation as it pertains to the Blessed Sacrament. He was an apostate and a rebel who misled many.

In summary, the Church holds to the position that God is one and truth is one. Ergo, reading and interpreting Scripture must be done in the light of revealed truth and not as a gesture of rebellion against Divinely instituted authority.

58 posted on 12/18/2007 7:43:00 PM PST by marshmallow
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To: Campion

Hush before you give away that Gutenberg was Catholic.


59 posted on 12/18/2007 8:23:11 PM PST by lastchance (Hug your babies.)
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To: Soliton

Unless you want to count Protestants among the Arians, Nestorians and Gnostics you are wrong. You might I suppose wish to included with the Cathars and their like. But I would never insult a Protestant with such a claim.

Protestants did not come into existence till the 16th Century. They are called Protestant because the protested against the abuses of the Catholic Church. Remember most of the Reformers did not reject much of Catholic doctrine. Such as the Trinity, the Divinity of Christ, The Perpetual Virginity of Mary. Many of them would not recognize modern Protestant denominations.

You forget also that Protestants were no slackers when it came to killing other Protestants. Heresy was both a civil and a religious crime. Princes were not hesitant in using accusations of heresy to secure their power. As in all ages the Cross was too often used to hide the true motives of the men who carry it.


60 posted on 12/18/2007 8:32:00 PM PST by lastchance (Hug your babies.)
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