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The FReeper Foxhole Revisits The Battle for Tarawa (11/20-23/1943) Nov. 20th, 2006
http://history.acusd.edu/gen/WW2Timeline/CRAIGE/tarawa.html ^ | Professor Dirk A. Ballendorf

Posted on 11/19/2006 6:34:02 PM PST by snippy_about_it



Lord,

Keep our Troops forever in Your care

Give them victory over the enemy...

Grant them a safe and swift return...

Bless those who mourn the lost.
.

FReepers from the Foxhole join in prayer
for all those serving their country at this time.



...................................................................................... ...........................................

U.S. Military History, Current Events and Veterans Issues

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THE BATTLE FOR TARAWA
A Validation of the U.S. Marines

THE ROAD TO TARAWA




At the Quebec conference in August of 1943, the Allied high command announced it's intention to launch an offensive in the Central Pacific, in the drive towards Japan. A prime objective of this drive, to be undertaken as a Navy-Marines operation, was to take the Marshall Islands. The Marshall Islands would serve as an air base from which further operations could be launched against the Marianas, and from there against the Japanese home islands. But 500 miles to the southeast of the Marshalls, an archipelago of atolls called the Gilberts stood between U.S. forward ground air bases and the Marshalls. The Gilberts had only one workable airstrip for refueling American aircraft and that was on the island of Betio in the western Gilbert Island atoll of Tarawa.



The Japanese commander in charge of the defense of Tarawa, Rear Admiral Keiji Shibasaki, said "A million men cannot take Tarawa in a hundred years." He commanded 2,600 imperial marines, the best amphibious troops in the Japanese armed forces. With the importation of 1,000 Japanese workers and 1,200 Korean laborers the island airstrip of Betio had been transformed into one of the most formidable fortresses in the world, boasting 14 coastal defense guns(four of which were taken from the surrendered British garrison at Singapore), 40 strategically located artillery pieces, covering every approach to the island, a coconut-log sea wall four feet high lining the lagoon and over 100 machine gun emplacements behind the wall. All this was concentrated on an island only a mile long and a few hundred yards wide.

Meanwhile an armada of 17 carriers, 12 battleships, eight heavy and four light cruisers, 66 destroyers and 36 transports carrying the 2nd Marine Division and a part of the 37th Infantry Division- some 35,000 soldiers and Marines headed for Betio in early November of 1943. In the moments before pre-invasion bombardment began, the task force naval commander, Rear Admiral Howard F. Kingman announced to the landing troops "Gentlemen, we will not neutralize Betio. We will not destroy it. We will obliterate it!" Neither Shibasaki nor Kingman knew what they were up against.



NOVEMBER 20: D-DAY


On November 20th at 2:15 A.M. the marine transports went to General Quarters. Last minute landing preparations were made and the marines received their last rites. At 5:05 A.M. the first battleship let loose a salvo on Betio's coastal batteries, followed shortly thereafter by the other battleships and destroyers in the task force. The shelling stopped only for enough time to let the dive bombers from the escort carriers pound the island. The first wave of amphtracks and Higgins boats moved in on the lagoon side of Betio. The formation was jolted to a stop 500 yards out by a reef which the amphtracks could climb over only with great difficulty. Simultaneously, a hail of fire opened up from the island, incinerating the lodged and incoming boats as well as mowing down the marines wading ashore. Few of the first wave survived. But a few got through, and with the help of four successive waves the marines established a beachhead up to a four foot sea wall.



By nightfall, the marines were pinned down on a stretch of beach 100 yards long and 20 feet inland. And rather than being obliterated, the Japanese marines had barely been scratched by the naval and air bombardment. While a brief respite between bombardment and the landings had occurred, the Japanese rushed to their gun posts and had delivered devastating fire. But because their communication lines had been cut, none of them knew what was going on. Therefore, according tot the Bushido Code, each isolated soldier or group of soldiers was obliged to either fight to the death or commit suicide unless ordered otherwise.

Consequently, Japanese resistance was fanatical. Some Japanese swam out to disabled amphtracks that night and poured fire onto the marines from the rear- silenced only at great cost to the marines. And a lone Japanese seaplane-turned-bomber easily inflicted casualties on the concentrated beachhead. In all, the first day on Betio had been very costly for the 2nd Division- amphtracks and Higgins boats littered the lagoon, wounded marines everywhere, and dead bodies and parts of bodies everywhere: out of 5,000 men, 1,500 were dead or wounded.



NOVEMBER 21: THE SECOND DAY


At the beginning of the second day, three marine battalions held a small foothold on Betio's lagoon beach. They were ordered to attack at 6:00 A.M. while the 2nd Division reserves, the 1st and 3rd battalions of the Eighth Marines were brought up to the reef. As the Japanese defenders opened up on the wading-in marines, Colonel Shoup of Major Crowe's battalion at the far east side of the lagoon ordered a desperate attack to halt the slaughter of incoming marines. Only 450 of the 800 incoming men made it to the beach. But with this fresh reserve, the central battalion punched its way inland, across the airstrip, and seized a part of the island's sough shore. Meanwhile a high tide flooded the lagoon, allowing reinforcement boats to pass over the reef and come directly up to shore. The arrival of tanks in support of all three battalions on the beachheads proved critical that day. The tanks rolled up to the front lines, taking out Japanese pill boxes and other fortifications at close range.



By dusk, the 6th Marines, after having secured the nearby island of Makin, paddled over the reef in rubber boats and landed on the western beach. There, they met up with Major Ryan's ravaged western lagoon assault battalion. Reinforced, and having gained ground, the second day came to an end. Marine Colonel Shoup radioed the daily situation report back to the command ships: "Casualties: many. Percentage dead: unknown. Combat efficiency: we are winning." Meanwhile, Admiral Shibasaki was sending his last radio message to Tokyo: "Our weapons have been destroyed. From now on everyone is attempting a final charge. May Japan exist for ten thousand years!"



NOVEMBER 22: THE THIRD DAY


On the third day, all three battalions moved inland, with the 1st Battalion, 6th Marines sweeping up the southern shore of Betio. With infantry and flame thrower support, tanks blew apart the remaining fortifications in the central and western part of the island. Taking out pill boxes, machine gun nests and snipers took up much of this third day. But by nightfall, the marines held western and central Betio. At twilight, Shibasaki's troops made one final courageous 'Banzai' suicide charge. They rushed the 6th Marines, Company B in almost overpowering numbers. The marines began to break. Lieutenant Thomas phoned Major Jones, saying "We are killing them as fast as they come at us, but we can't hold much longer; we need reinforcements." Jones replied, "We haven't got them to send you; you've got to hold." In the face of heavy losses, the 6th Marines wavered, but didn't break. When dawn appeared, the marines still held their positions.



NOVEMBER 23: THE FINAL ACT


On the morning of November 23rd, the 6th Marines counted 300 Japanese bodies scattered around their positions. As it turned out, this group of Japanese had been the last large contingent on Betio with only small pockets of resistance remaining. And following a painstaking mop up of the eastern side of the island, Japanese resistance, with the exception of a few snipers who would continue to take pot shots at marines for the next several days, came to an end. For at 1:12 P.M., after 76 hours of fighting, Betio was declared 'secure'. Upon arriving at Betio that day, General Holland Smith ordered both the Stars and Stripes and the Union Jack to be raised over Betio(for Betio was to revert to the British as a Pacific trust after the war). The general then toured the island west of the airport. He noted that only seventeen Japanese had surrendered while only 129 Korean laborers had survived out of a total of 4,700 troops and construction workers



THE VALUE OF TARAWA


In the 76-hour fight for Betio, 1,056 marines and sailors were killed, died of wounds or were missing and presumed to be dead. Some 2,300 men were wounded, but recovered. Meanwhile, at home, Americans were appalled by the losses at Tarawa, flooding Admiral Nimitz's mail with angry letters. But Tarawa had taught the navy and the marines some vital lessons in amphibious warfare which in the near future, would save thousands of lives. More amphtracks were to be built with better armor, including side protection for marines. Higgins boats were removed from landing operations. Landing craft were converted into supporting gunboats, able to come in close on the beach. Underwater demolition teams were organized to destroy natural and artificial obstacles before future atoll landing would take place. Precision rocket and naval attacks had proven their worth against the near impregnable fortifications. And the role of the tank in turning the tide of battle proved critical. All these lessons would be applied to future campaigns with great success.



The price for Betio had been relatively high, but within days, Betio was converted into a forward base for the assault on the Marshalls, with bomber and fighter sorties flying out within hours of the marines victory. And within nine weeks of the battle, an invasion task force under Admiral Nimitz left Tarawa to take the Marshall Islands.



TOPICS: VetsCoR
KEYWORDS: freeperfoxhole; marines; tarawa; wwii
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To: alfa6; All

LOL.

Things have been a little crazy around here too. Long story made short...Neighbor girl dog in heat, Sarge going bonkers, Snippy and Sam get no sleep, two of Sam's children and a friend arrive during all this for a week of Christmas season fun. Sarge and Scarlett learn how to jump the fence, our company and us learn how to chase down the dogs, more than once. Now we have a dog door the dogs can no longer use until we figure out what to do. We still can't get any sleep. We're blessed but tired.

Love you guys, miss you all too.


221 posted on 12/21/2006 6:41:05 PM PST by snippy_about_it (Fall in --> The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul. WWPD (what would Patton do))
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To: snippy_about_it; Peanut Gallery; alfa6; Soaring Feather; Samwise; All

I received a phone call this morning.

Merry Christmas, you have a new hi-rise project.

BTW, did we mention you're already months behind. Get to work.


222 posted on 12/22/2006 8:13:01 AM PST by Professional Engineer (As far as we know, all numbers are imaginary. some just hurt your brain more than others. ~ lepton)
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To: Professional Engineer

Good morning, PE!
Merry Christmas to you and yours.

Whoa, you do work don't you??


223 posted on 12/22/2006 8:15:46 AM PST by Soaring Feather (I Soar, cause I can....)
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To: Professional Engineer
That's why you make the big bucks. :^)

Please don't hurt me.

224 posted on 12/22/2006 9:13:35 AM PST by Samwise (The root word in "environmentalist" is "mental.")
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To: Samwise

225 posted on 12/22/2006 9:28:26 AM PST by Professional Engineer (As far as we know, all numbers are imaginary. some just hurt your brain more than others. ~ lepton)
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To: snippy_about_it

At least you know Sarge is straight.


226 posted on 12/22/2006 10:15:42 AM PST by Professional Engineer (As far as we know, all numbers are imaginary. some just hurt your brain more than others. ~ lepton)
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To: snippy_about_it; bentfeather; Samwise; Peanut Gallery; Wneighbor; Valin; Iris7; SAMWolf; ...
Up for lunch before I have to take my nap so I can go to work tonight. Working 7 nights in a row is fun, no really it is ;-)

Anyways have ya ever wondered what Santa Clause and the reindeer do on the long over water passages when the magic dust starts to wear off and they need a bit of a snack. Well here's the answer courtesy the fine folks at Macdonnell Douglas and the USAF...

Merry Christmas to all my friends at the Freeper Foxhole and may you have a Happy New Year.

Only three more nites to go, it's down hill from here on out!!!

Regards

alfa6 ;>}

227 posted on 12/22/2006 10:41:56 AM PST by alfa6 (Taxes are seldom levied for the benefit of the taxed.)
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To: alfa6; All


228 posted on 12/22/2006 11:06:30 AM PST by Soaring Feather (I Soar, cause I can....)
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To: alfa6; Professional Engineer; Peanut Gallery; SAMWolf; snippy_about_it; Samwise; Wneighbor; radu

Merry Christmas

229 posted on 12/22/2006 11:11:33 AM PST by Soaring Feather (I Soar, cause I can....)
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To: Soaring Feather

I have pic just for you in the Flyby tonight, he he he

Yes I have found time to get a Flyby together. I don't haver to worry about getting called in tonight unexpectedly. I was already scheduled yippee!!!

Regards

alfa6 :>}


230 posted on 12/22/2006 11:20:37 AM PST by alfa6 (Taxes are seldom levied for the benefit of the taxed.)
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To: alfa6

snicker, snicker!


231 posted on 12/22/2006 11:24:46 AM PST by Soaring Feather (I Soar, cause I can....)
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To: Professional Engineer
Merry Christmas, you have a new hi-rise project.

To quote Gov. William J. LePetomaine..."work, work, work, work we gotta protect our phony baloney jobs"

Nothiing like an embarresment of riches, eh

Regards

alfa6 ;>}

232 posted on 12/22/2006 11:29:44 AM PST by alfa6 (Taxes are seldom levied for the benefit of the taxed.)
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To: alfa6
it's down hill from here on out!!!

Downhill? Downhill?!!

I've been working all week--just bought the turkey. Now I have to make two batches of fudge, five dozen Christmas cookies, a pistachio cake, eighteen deviled eggs, a pot of noodles, a salad, a pan of dressing, a pot of green beans, a pot of wassail, and roast the stupid turkey--and that's after I clean the bathrooms and vacuum again.

Downhill? Downhill?

hobbit walks away muttering.

233 posted on 12/22/2006 4:51:07 PM PST by Samwise (The root word in "environmentalist" is "mental.")
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To: Samwise

And where is the Hobbit Lass in all this?

I just made the mistake of looking my the work schedule for the last 2 weeks. Counting next week I will have logged 14 straight days at work, 4 day shifts, 7 night shifts and 3 day shifts. That was what the "downhill" reference was about.

After all 12 hour shifts are fun, fun, fun.

I have to brine the turkey when I get home from work Christmas Eve morning and then prep it before I go to work Christmas Eve night. At least I am off Christmas nite, only because I have to work Tuesday day shift.

The Inferenal Revenuers will like me :-(

Oh and Merry Christmas to the family

Regards

alfa6 ;>}


234 posted on 12/22/2006 5:28:28 PM PST by alfa6 (Taxes are seldom levied for the benefit of the taxed.)
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To: alfa6
I could never handle a real job again--especially with that much overtime. It takes its toll. I'm just feeling the stress of trying to make Christmas perfect for everyone. Martha Stewart I'm not.

One of these days I'll get one of those automatic houses where the cleaning magically gets done and meals appear on the table. I just remembered I have to get out the china and hand wash the year's dust off. sigh........

I'm sorry you have to work Christmas. My sis does too, which is why I almost always host Christmas now. If we lived closer, you could feast with us. You'd just have to put up with my crankiness for a few days. Well, only Hubby and Hobbit Lass have to put up with it. I'm cheery for guests.

Hobbit Lass is off being a teenager. The dog, however, wants to help.

235 posted on 12/22/2006 5:52:19 PM PST by Samwise (The root word in "environmentalist" is "mental.")
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To: snippy_about_it; SAMWolf; Soaring Feather; Professional Engineer; Samwise; Peanut Gallery; ...

December 23, 2006

A Baby Boy

[Mary] brought forth her firstborn Son, and wrapped Him in swaddling cloths. —Luke 2:7

The full-page advertisement in the newspaper caught my eye immediately. Near the top of the light-blue page was the silhouette of a star. In the center of the page were the words:

It’s a boy.

Luke 2:11 was printed across the bottom of the page: “Today in the town of David a Savior has been born to you; He is Christ the Lord” (niv).

This simple message—it’s a boy—proclaimed the indescribable gift of a Savior who came to earth as a baby. Why did He do it?

We needed God to send Jesus. Because of our sin, we were separated from a holy God (Rom. 3:23). A perfect Savior and mediator was needed to bring us back together. Only God could restore the relationship.

God wanted to send Jesus. He loved us so much that He gave His Son (John 3:16) so that our relationship could be restored. Jesus was the only One who could meet His demand for a perfect sacrifice—only He was sinless (Heb. 9:11-15). He willingly gave Himself on the cross. God accepted that sacrifice and raised Him from the dead.

Because of our need and His love, God the Father gave us the gift of Jesus the Son. Accept His gift today—it’s free.

Rejoice, O soul, the debt is paid,
For all our sins on Christ were laid;
We’ve been redeemed, we’re justified—
And all because the Savior died.  —D. De Haan

Jesus died that we might live.

236 posted on 12/23/2006 7:10:48 AM PST by The Mayor ( http://albanysinsanity.com/)
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To: snippy_about_it; Soaring Feather; Samwise; Peanut Gallery; Wneighbor; Valin; Iris7; SAMWolf; ...

I will be working, still, the next two nights so let me take this moment to wish everybody at the Foxhole and FR a Merry Christmas amd a Happy New Year.

Best Regards to ALL

alfa6 ;>}

237 posted on 12/23/2006 10:28:08 AM PST by alfa6 (Taxes are seldom levied for the benefit of the taxed.)
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To: Professional Engineer

Get busy! LOL. It's good to have work, Merry Christmas. :-)


238 posted on 12/23/2006 1:48:48 PM PST by snippy_about_it (Fall in --> The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul. WWPD (what would Patton do))
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To: Professional Engineer
At least you know Sarge is straight.

Oh yeah. He's all male dog, that's for sure. Miss Tilley has been fixed now but the vet says she will still continue through the 'cycle' so we have about 10 more days. Yippeee.

239 posted on 12/23/2006 1:50:40 PM PST by snippy_about_it (Fall in --> The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul. WWPD (what would Patton do))
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To: alfa6

Merry Christmas alfa6. All work and no play....


240 posted on 12/23/2006 1:52:28 PM PST by snippy_about_it (Fall in --> The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul. WWPD (what would Patton do))
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