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Tape of Kennedy's Killing Is Getting Digital Analysis
New York Times ^ | August 3, 2004 | MICHAEL JANOFSKY

Posted on 08/04/2004 5:09:23 AM PDT by BluegrassScholar

WASHINGTON, Aug. 2 - About a year from now, one of the most vexing mysteries in American history may finally be solved: Did Lee Harvey Oswald act alone?

Scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have begun work on a digital scanning apparatus that they believe will be able to reproduce sound from the only known audio recording of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy on Nov. 22, 1963, in Dallas.

The recording was made through an open microphone on a police motorcycle during Kennedy's motorcade into Dealey Plaza, where the president was shot to death. The sounds were captured onto a Dictaphone belt at police headquarters, but scientific analyses of them over decades proved anything but conclusive, fueling arguments about how many people were actually involved in killing the president.

The federal government's official inquiry into the assassination, the Warren Commission, concluded in 1964 that Oswald was a lone gunman, firing three shots from the Texas Book Depository building high above the plaza. But a House committee that investigated the shooting 15 years later concluded that four shots were fired, including three from the book depository and one from another location, giving rise to all manner of conspiracy theories.

Like old 78 r.p.m. records, the Dictaphone belt became worn and damaged through constant replay for analysis using a stylus. When it became property of the National Archives in 1990, the technical staff recommended that no further efforts be made to replicate its sounds through mechanical means.

That left preservationists with a daunting and historically important challenge: How could the sounds on the old plastic belt be captured for posterity, and if they could, would they provide unequivocal evidence of how many shots were fired?

Leslie C. Waffen, an archivist with the National Archives, said he believed not only that the sound could be captured but also that, using digital analysis to map the sounds, scientists could remove extraneous noise like static and distant voices to reveal gun shots.

"This is big," said Mr. Waffen, whose unit has custody of the belt as well as the original 8-millimeter home movie by Abraham Zapruder, which showed the assassination in color but utter silence. "That's why we called the experts in. They came up with a recommendation to do this."

After a June meeting of the National Archives Advisory Committee on Preservation, the job was left to Carl Haber and Vitaliy Fadeyev of the Berkeley laboratory, who have used a digital optical camera to replicate sounds on fragile Edison cylinders and long-play records. The process involves scanning the grooves of the Dictaphone belt electronically to create a digital image of the sound patterns.

Once that is achieved, Mr. Waffen said, the scientists could "clean it up, like peeling layers off an onion to get down to the sound floor" of the recording. And that, he said, could reveal how many shots were fired.

It is a question that has bedeviled government officials, law enforcement agents and historians since the actual event, leading to an array of conspiracy theories involving the mob, Fidel Castro, Lyndon B. Johnson, Russians or, as the film director, Oliver Stone, would have audiences believe, the "military industrial complex."

Among the strongest and most persistent alternative theories to the Warren Commission report has been the involvement of a second gunman on a sweep of land above the motorcade route that came to be known as the grassy knoll. It gained widespread currency after the 1979 Congressional investigation, which relied, in part, on a graphic comparison of the sounds on the Dictaphone belt and a test of gunshots in Dealey Plaza.

They produced evidence that four shots were fired, with indications that the first, second and fourth shots came from the book depository and the third came from the grassy knoll.

But three years later, in a subsequent acoustical analysis, the National Academy of Science concluded that the noise that others ascribed to gun shots was merely static or something else. That was the last time the belt was played.

Once it became the belt's custodian, the National Archives was faced with two questions: What should be done with it? And how could its evidence be accurately captured and made public?

For years, the questions were unanswered, until it became clear that new technologies might produce evidence that was unreachable through older, less sophisticated analytical methods that risked further damaging the belt.

The advisory commission concluded that the National Archives had a responsibility to provide a true copy of the sound, if not enhance it. That, the panel members said, could be left to the researchers.

"People want to know," said Gary Mack, curator of the Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza, which opened in the book depository building in 1989. "The Warren Commission said it was one guy. The House Committee said it was Oswald and someone else. There hasn't been any resolution."

Mr. Waffen said it was about time to get one.

"Scientists have studied these sounds for 25 or 30 years and have still reached different conclusions," he said. "But with today's technology, we can get a better reading and answer the question, one way or the other."


TOPICS: Culture/Society; Government; Miscellaneous; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: jfkassassination
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To: Just mythoughts
Interesting that someone at the National Archives is still investigating this.

You'd think they had other things to investigate:

21 posted on 08/04/2004 5:40:57 AM PDT by Mike Bates (Did I mention I'm peddling a book?)
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To: Shooter 2.5

LOL!


22 posted on 08/04/2004 5:41:19 AM PDT by Paul_B
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To: The Wizard
"2. These guns were fired in coordination"

OK, I'll bite. Having been on an honor squad I know how difficult it is for seven guys to simultaneously fire their weapons even after much practice and firing on a cadence. How, pray tell, did seven people spread all over the place managed to fire at exactly the same time. Unless all seven weapons were somehow fired electronically, the best they could possibly hope for would be something that sounded like a machine gun -- and even that would be nearly impossible.
23 posted on 08/04/2004 5:47:08 AM PDT by Lee'sGhost (Crom!)
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To: Mike Bates
"You'd think they had other things to investigate:"


I think the FBI is better suited to investigate the criminal acts of Sandy the Burglar. Someone at the Archives allowed old Sandy to repeatedly return to the scene of the crime.

Obviously somebody within the government does not accept the Warren Commission report, kinda like the beginnings of a whistle-blower, and the NYTimes seems all to happy to tell this story.
24 posted on 08/04/2004 5:52:58 AM PDT by Just mythoughts
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To: SuperSonic

25 posted on 08/04/2004 5:55:04 AM PDT by Shooter 2.5 (Vote a Straight Republican Ballot. Rid the country of dems.)
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To: BluegrassScholar

I thought someone had discovered that this recording was actually made a few minutes AFTER the shots were fired?


26 posted on 08/04/2004 5:55:43 AM PDT by Kerfuffle
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To: SuperSonic; Drango; Paul_B

I'm already finding the humor in all of this. All of these half baked crazy theories are hysterical.

I noticed that not one of the conspiracy theorists ever try to explain exactly how the assassination happened. They just repeating silly accusations. If you call them on it, they act like they're putting their hands over their ears and saying "la, la, la, etc.".

It also makes me understand which Freepers you can trust to understand the difference between right and wrong, truth and a lie.


27 posted on 08/04/2004 5:59:46 AM PDT by Shooter 2.5 (Vote a Straight Republican Ballot. Rid the country of dems.)
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To: BluegrassScholar
The tape has been digitized for a long time and many FFTs and digital filtering have been used.
Nothing new.
28 posted on 08/04/2004 6:01:16 AM PDT by HuntsvilleTxVeteran (Liberals are like catfish ( all mouth and no brains )(bottom feeders))
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To: grizzfan

ping


29 posted on 08/04/2004 6:18:40 AM PDT by leadpenny
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Comment #30 Removed by Moderator

To: Drango
With the headline, I first thought about Mary Jo Kopechne and Chappaquiddick.

Add me to the list too.

31 posted on 08/04/2004 6:53:53 AM PDT by mtbopfuyn
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To: Drango
If a person believes that he acted alone than he has to believe in the 1 bullet theory. The theory that postulates that the bullet hit Kennedy just below the neck, exited his chest than made a 90 degree turn up-wards, than made a 90 degree down wards and struck Gov. Connelly in the back, exited his chest and then went thru his arm , breaking his wrist and entering his left leg. And the bullet was found not in the Gov. leg but on the stretcher, with almost "no" damage.

Sure I believe in the tooth fairy too.
32 posted on 08/04/2004 6:54:20 AM PDT by stockpirate (OBL and the Communist's supports Kerry for President, Flush the 2 Johns!)
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To: Tares

33 posted on 08/04/2004 6:55:03 AM PDT by Shooter 2.5 (Vote a Straight Republican Ballot. Rid the country of dems.)
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To: stockpirate

See Post 25.


34 posted on 08/04/2004 6:56:06 AM PDT by Shooter 2.5 (Vote a Straight Republican Ballot. Rid the country of dems.)
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To: stockpirate
I have read over 50 books on this subject.

I have read 51 handouts and flyers on the subject. When I toured the Dallas site I was handed tons of info from the many theorists walking about. I read the stuff on a plane and concluded that only I could be ruled out as a suspect. But the rest of you..you are being watched!

35 posted on 08/04/2004 7:01:43 AM PDT by ExtremeUnction
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To: KentTrappedInLiberalSeattle
Remember this "blast from the past?"


36 posted on 08/04/2004 7:12:34 AM PDT by Richard Kimball (We sleep soundly in our beds because rough men are ready to do violence on our behalf)
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To: BluegrassScholar

But will they find his brain? Will they explain those miraculous bullet paths? And what about that hole in the windshield that came from the front? Will they explain why so many associated with the investigation contracted Foster disease?

Sounds more like someone is out to monkey with the evidence for their own designs. Whatever they claim to find will not convince me Oswald acted alone. Not that one tape can prove others were or weren't involved behind the scenes or in the man hole or on the grassy knoll. Stand in the window (well now days you have to stand in a nearby window) and you'll understand that no way would anyone pick that angle unless they enjoyed hanging out by their toes.


37 posted on 08/04/2004 7:15:21 AM PDT by mtbopfuyn
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To: Drango

"With the headline, I first thought about Mary Jo Kopechne and Chappaquiddick. My bad...different killing."

That was the first thing that popped in to my mind, too -- Mary Jo's murder.


38 posted on 08/04/2004 7:16:30 AM PDT by MayflowerMadam
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To: Drango
"With the headline, I first thought about Mary Jo Kopechne and Chappaquiddick. My bad...different killing."

Same here.
39 posted on 08/04/2004 7:18:02 AM PDT by DocRock (Check my homepage for more "home movies" of the Kerry campaign)
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To: mtbopfuyn
Will they explain those miraculous bullet paths?

Read this and get back to me...

40 posted on 08/04/2004 7:18:51 AM PDT by Interesting Times (ABCNNBCBS -- yesterday's news.)
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