Posted on 01/12/2011 12:18:22 PM PST by Red Badger
Scientists have found a way to ease chronic ringing in the ears, known as tinnitus, by stimulating a neck nerve and playing sounds to reboot the brain, according to research published Wednesday.
There is currently no cure for tinnitus, which can range from annoying to debilitating and affects as many as 23 million adults in the United States, including one in 10 seniors and 40 percent of military veterans.
For Gloria Chepko, 66, who has suffered from tinnitus since she was four years old, the sound she describes as "like crickets... but also bell-like," gets worse when she is tired.
"It's awful," she said. "Sometimes it is very loud, and it will get loud if I am under stress or if I have been going for a very long time and I am fatigued," she said.
"If my mind is tired and I sit down I will only hear this sound."
For some people, such as military veterans who are left with hearing damage after exposure to loud blasts and gunfire, the noise -- which could also sound like roaring, whooshing or clicking -- interferes with their ability to lead a normal life.
The US Veterans Administration spends one billion dollars per year on disability payments related to tinnitus, the most common service-related ailment in soldiers returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, industry experts say.
Scientists believe the disorder is caused by hearing loss or nerve damage, to which the brain tries but fails to adjust.
"Brain changes in response to nerve damage or cochlear trauma cause irregular neural activity believed to be responsible for many types of chronic pain and tinnitus," said Michael Kilgard of the University of Texas, co-author of the study in the journal Nature.
"We believe the part of the brain that processes sounds -- the auditory cortex -- delegates too many neurons to some frequencies, and things begin to go awry," he said.
To fix that, researchers used rats to test a theory that they could reset the brain by retraining it so that errant neurons return to their normal state.
In rats with tinnitus, they electrically stimulated the vagus nerve, which runs from the head through the neck to the abdomen, in combination with playing a certain high-pitched tone.
When stimulated, the nerve can encourage changes in the brain by releasing chemicals such as acetylcholine and norepinephrine that act as neurotransmitters.
Rats that underwent the pairing of noise and stimulation experienced a halt to the ringing sounds for up to three and a half months, while control rats that received just noise or just stimulation did not.
An examination of neural responses in the auditory cortexes showed normal levels in the rats who were treated with the combination of stimulation and sound, indicating the tinnitus had disappeared.
The treatment "not only reorganized the neurons to respond to their original frequencies, but it also made the brain responses sharper," the study said.
"The key is that, unlike previous treatments, we're not masking the tinnitus, we're not hiding the tinnitus," said Kilgard.
"We are returning the brain from a state where it generates tinnitus to a state that does not generate tinnitus. We are eliminating the source of the tinnitus." Clinical trials are expected to begin on humans in the coming months, with the first trials starting in Europe, according to lead study author Navzer Engineer. The process of vagus nerve stimulation, known as VNS, is already being used in the treatment of around 50,000 people with epilepsy or depression, the study said. "This minimally invasive method of generating neural plasticity allows us to precisely manipulate brain circuits, which cannot be achieved with drugs," said Engineer. "Pairing sounds with VNS provides that precision by rewiring damaged circuits and reversing the abnormal activity that generates the phantom sound." Like many sufferers, Chepko has learned to cope with the noise. "I have to find some other way to relax to just endure it, take a bath or do stretches or just lie down and stare or read a book, depending on how bad it is," she said. "I have kind of lived around it, or over it."
Better get Norton Anti-virus.............
P&W J52’s (A-6) for me.
I also have tinnitus and hope that this results in a cure, but I gotta wonder: How does one know that a rat has tinnitus?!
Depends on the manufacturer’s warranty...............
They squeak louder than other rats?................
Those little bones in your ears have thinned out and you need to supplement and lay off all carbonated beverages, most importantly.
There's yer Junk Science right there. Tinnitus is purely subjective, just like headache. There is not a test that can quantify tinnitus. Rats can't report tinnitus, any more than they can whistle "Dixie" or deal cards.
Sorry. I missed where you got your M.D., Dr. Joe.
Well, Yankee rats won't..................
After my experiences with doctors monkeying around with my central nervous system, I think I’ll just put up with the tinnitus.
I have almost a quarter century lead on you: mine is from Motorhead at the Warfield in San Francisco, 1984. Of course I went to a lot of metal shows back in those days, but Lemmy's bass volume at that event was one level beyond. :)
I think your good source is confused. Otosclerosis leads to some case of tinnitus. It is an abnormal bone growth, not a thinning of the bones.
P-3B and C.
bmfl
“I only hear it when everything else is quiet.
...sometimes it is like a diesel generator running off in the distance
...other times it is like a bad motor bearing
...it is always rhythmic
...it keeps me awake at night sometimes
...it is more of a nuisance than anything else.”
That’s not Tinnitus, that’s like the Taos Hum. I used to hear the same thing when I lived on a farm in Tennessee but when I moved to Colorado I couldn’t hear it anymore. I think it may be an earth hum. I drove around all over the countryside one night trying to find that motor that I thought was running.
I would have expected a doctor to post more professionally but I have seen some really bad doctors in my day so my expectations of doctors have been lowered quite considerably. I have also seen many doctors that are totally unknowledgeable in fields outside their expertise.
I too have tinnitus and hearing loss. Tinnitus started during my Navy days - 63-67 (machinery, gun fire, etc.).
A couple years ago I was talking with a fellow vet who suggested filing a claim with VA. I did & got a favorable ruling. Now have new hearing aids and VA med coverage and pension.
My tinnitus “noise” is similar to a steam leak on a leaky valve. Each ear’s noise is a different frequency and the R ear noise is louder than the left.
First, they teach it English...
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