FBI affidavit alleges American imam bankrolled jihad plot

oregonlive.com ^ | 08/23/03 | LES ZAITZ

[Destro]

FBI affidavit alleges imam bankrolled plot

08/23/03

LES ZAITZ

One of six men charged with trying to join the Taliban and kill U.S. soldiers said Mohamed Abdirahman Kariye, leader of Portland's largest mosque, funded the overseas trip with $12,000 that came from mosque members, according to a newly released FBI affidavit.

Defendant Jeffrey Battle also was secretly recorded telling how Kariye, religious leader of the Islamic Center of Portland, participated in a prayer session at the mosque with the group just before the men left and later directed them to return if they couldn't get into Afghanistan, the affidavit said.

No charges have been filed against Kariye. The 42-year-old Somalian is on probation for federal fraud charges he admitted to earlier this year.

But the allegations in the affidavit make it clear that federal investigators are pursuing evidence that the mosque, known as Masjid As-Saber, and its key leaders organized and supported the conspiracy.

"They're not true," said Mark Cross, Kariye's attorney. "His biggest concern is his relationship with God and how his actions in this world will impact on his standing in the next. In that light, he can live with himself."

Six men were indicted on charges they traveled to China in October 2001 in a failed effort to reach Afghanistan to fight U.S. troops. One remains a fugitive; another, Maher "Mike" Hawash, recently pleaded guilty and is cooperating. One woman was indicted on charges she helped fund the trip.

Prosecutors and investigators have long suspected that a larger group was behind the efforts of the so-called Portland Seven.

Mosque leaders didn't return calls seeking comment, but in the past they have denied any connection to the China group and say they denounce terrorism. Civil rights lawyers for the mosque said in a federal lawsuit filed last month that the mosque and its leaders are targets in this investigation. The lawsuit identified only one leader by name: president Alaa Abunijem.

Affidavit relies on secret recordings The affidavit by Portland FBI agent Mark McBryde made public Friday relies heavily on excerpts from secretly recorded conversations between a government informant and two defendants. Most excerpts come from defendant Battle, who defense attorneys have said in court filings was boasting and exaggerating when talking to the informant.

The affidavit said Battle described the Portland mosque as "the only mosque to teach about jihad" and that Kariye told his followers they should fight with other Muslims in Afghanistan against Americans. Battle said he had "talked to Kariye about jihad," the affidavit said.

Another defendant, Patrice Lumumba Ford, told the informant that Kariye "has spoken out very strongly for jihad," the affidavit said. Ford said in a later conversation that if he tried the trip again he would use forged documents "like the sheik said you needed," using an honorific title for Kariye.

Battle also described how the trip was financed. He told the informant that Habis Al Saoub, a Jordanian who remains a fugitive, "approached Kariye regarding financing for the trip by the jihadists." Battle said Kariye gave Al Saoub $2,000 for each of the men and that "Kariye had acquired this money from members of Masjid As-Saber," according to the affidavit.

Later, after his arrest, Battle told investigators that he got $2,000 from Al Saoub, and he believed the money came from "brothers" at the Portland mosque.

Battle also described attending a prayer session the night before the men left for China. Kariye was there, according to the affidavit. "Following the prayer, the members of the group gave salutations to the people who were in attendance," according to the affidavit. Battle told the informant he believed some of those at the prayer session had put up the money for the China trip.

Battle explained that after Ali K. Steitiye was arrested by federal authorities in October 2001, "Kariye directed the group of jihadists to return to the United States if they were unable to enter Afghanistan," according to the affidavit. Steitiye was later named an unindicted co-conspirator in part for engaging in weapons target practice with the men before they left.

While most conversations with the informant were recorded, this one wasn't. McBryde said that "due to the limitation of the recording equipment," the conversation was recounted later by the informant. He said the informant didn't know the equipment hadn't worked at the time he was debriefed.

Trip called "very well organized" The new disclosures and other court records suggest costs for the China trip and subsequent overseas travel approached $20,000. Some of those suspected of helping have left the country. Others subpoenaed before a federal grand jury have invoked their rights not to talk.

Battle said in one conversation last year that the trip was "very well organized" but was aborted by unexpected trouble getting visas.

An affidavit supporting the arrest of Hawash said two of the defendants -- brothers Muhammad and Ahmed Bilal -- raised about $3,000 at Beaverton's Bilal Mosque by claiming they were going to Saudi Arabia for training. Investigators don't think anyone at that mosque knew the true purpose.

The affidavit said the men paid $1,942 in cash for round-trip tickets from Portland to Hong Kong. The affidavit traced another $6,300 sent to the men overseas.

Part of the Portland-based support came from Elmahjoub Boulhanna, 42, a Moroccan national whose role is described in the arrest affidavit. Boulhanna, who attended the Portland mosque and has since left the United States, was "assisting the families of the mujahedeen fighters who had gone to carry out jihad in Afghanistan," according to the affidavit.

It said Boulhanna also provided money for the defendants' return to Oregon. Battle is quoted in the affidavit telling an informant that "Boulhanna had gained the necessary funds from his Muslim brothers in Portland."

Boulhanna also hosted Battle's wife, October Lewis. She lived in the Boulhanna apartment during the weeks that she repeatedly wired money overseas to Battle to help him reach Afghanistan, according to the arrest affidavit. She also e-mailed Battle that "Mr. C said to tell you they got five more brothers trying to enter for you know what."

After Battle returned to Oregon in February 2002, he and Boulhanna talked about "the need for the Muslim community to carry on a jihad." The federal affidavit said Battle later briefed Boulhanna on Al Saoub's progress, reporting that he had made it into Afghanistan.

Al Saoub reportedly also was in touch with Sofiane Benziadi, 31, who also attended the Portland mosque. Benziadi told the FBI he had heard at the mosque about a group heading to Afghanistan to join the Taliban. He later recanted that statement, saying instead he heard about the group on television news, but the trip didn't become public until nine months after his original statement to investigators.

Benziadi also said Al Saoub called him in late 2001 but kept the conversation general and didn't disclose where he was. Al Saoub worried the FBI was monitoring Benziadi's phone, according to the arrest affidavit.

Benziadi subsequently left the country following his arrest on immigration violations. Boulhanna and his family left for Morocco in April 2002, driven to the Portland airport by Ford, according to a defense filing. On his way out of the United States, Boulhanna was detained at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport after baggage scanners detected traces of methamphetamine in his luggage. He was detained for a day but released when the test proved false, airport officials reported.

Boulhanna and Benziadi were listed in a defense court filing as possible co-conspirators. Also listed were Ilir Koni, an Albanian who was among the men found shooting weapons at a Clark County gravel pit in the days after Sept. 11, 2001. Koni has left the country.

Les Zaitz: 503-221-8181; leszaitz@news.oregonian.com

[Grampa Dave]

Thanks.

These top Islamonazis often wear more than one turban.

[Grampa Dave]

As Sam so wisely note a false Socialist Security card was the tool.

Many people forget what finally brought Al Capone done. Hint, it was not murder, extortion, and boot legging.

[dixiechick2000]

Income tax evasion?

[Grampa Dave]

Yep.

[dixiechick2000]

I'll take any felony conviction against these jihadists...
any one at all.
But, hopefully one with, at the very least, a life sentence without parole.

[Grampa Dave]

Sending these traitors to a federal prison without separating them from the general prisoners, may insure what you want.

Right now get them off the streets and into jail. Then we can follow up on other crimes to keep them in jail.

[dixiechick2000]

A big bump to that and may our wishes come true.

[putupon]

FBI affidavit alleges American imam bankrolled jihad plot

"Israel urges Washington to show some restraint
in order not mess the Roadmap to Peace."

[mtbopfuyn]

His biggest concern is his relationship with God and how his actions in this world will impact on his standing in the next.

Standing isn't his biggest concern, it's his hang time while jumping on hot coals.

[Cindy]

Links Updated...

LINKS OF INTEREST: GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD IN AMERICA"

FREEREPUBLIC.com - Discussion Forum - Topic: "JIHAD IN AMERICA"

TERRORISMVICTIMS.org: "JIHAD IN AMERICA"

MEMRI.org - MIDDLE EAST MEDIA RESEARCH INSTITUTE: "JIHAD AND TERRORISM STUDIES PROJECT"

HAGANAH.US - INTERNET HAGANAH

TRACKING THE THREAT.com

YAHOO! - News Articles - Search Term: "BOMB"

YAHOO! News Articles - Key Word Topic: "MISSILE"

IDF.il: News

YAHOO! News - Photo Gallery: "Suicide Bomber" (NOTE: Click on any of the numerous thumbnail photos to get THE BIG PICTURE.)

GOOGLE - Search Term: "HOMICIDE BOMBERS"

"ABU HAMZA.com"

Shareeah.org: Shareeah.net - "SUPPORTERS OF SHAREEAH"

MAKTAB AL-JIHAD.com

www.oblcrew.tk: "MAKTAB AL JIHAD"

www.almuk.com: "AL JIHAD"

www.almuk.com: "REMEMBER, REMEMBER THE 11th OF SEPTEMBER"

Groups.Yahoo.com - almuhajiroun_uk: "DECLARATION OF THE 'MAGNIFICENT 19' PRESS CONFERENCE" -from Al-Mhuajiroun UK (almuhajiroun_uk@yahoo.com) (September 11, 2001)

YAHOO! Groups - ALMUHAJIROUN_UK: " BUSH & BLAIR CHOKE ON THE FALLOUT AFTER SEPTEMBER 11TH" (August 17, 2003)

YAHOO! Groups: "almuhajiroun_uk"

GOOGLE Search Term: "ARMED ISLAMIC MOVEMENT"

ISLAMIC.GAJBA.NET: "RADICAL ISLAMISM"

YAHOO! Groups: "GLOBALJIHAD" (Discussion Forum)

MAAC.ws: "GLOBAL CAMPAIGN FOR RESISTING AGGRESSION"

ISLAMMEMO.cc: "News"

HIZBOLLAH.org

YAHOO! Groups: "Hizbullah-West" (Discussion Forum)

JIHAD BINAA.org

GOOGLE Search Term: "FATH-E-ISLAM" (Note: Fath-e-Islam aka "Victory of Islam" is the new name for Al-Qaeda aka "The Base.")

YAHOO! Groups: "al_qaeda" (Forum Discussion) (WEB SITE SNIPPET: "Al Qaeda Organization: -Islamic Army for the Liberation of the Holy Places -World Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders -Islamic Salvation Foundation -Shaikh Osama bin Laden's Network Al Qaeda is multi-national, with members from numerous countries and with a worldwide presence. Senior leaders in the organization are also senior leaders in other organizations, such as the Egyptian al-Gama'at al-Islamiyya and the Egyptian al-Jihad. Al Qaeda supports Muslim fighters in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Chechnya, Tajikistan, Somalia, Yemen, Kosovo etc. It also trains members of organizations from such diverse countries as the Philippines, Algeria, Eritrea etc. Al Qaeda's goal is to "unite all Muslims and to establish a government which follows the rule of the Caliphs." Shaikh Osama Bin Laden has stated that the only way to establish the Caliphate is by force. Al Qaeda's goal, therefore, is to overthrow nearly all Muslim governments, which are viewed as corrupt, to drive Western influence from those countries, and eventually to abolish state boundaries.)

YAHOO! Groups - UssamaBinMohammedBinLadin - "USSAMA BIN LADIN, THE NEW SALAHUDDIN" (Discussion Forum)

On The Net...JIHAD ONLINE.net: "Al-Qaida : English: BIN LADIN ON NEW ALJAZEERA TAPE" -Posted by "admin" (September 10, 2003)

GOOGLE Search Term: "AL QAEDA"

GOOGLE Search Term: "AL QAIDA"

GOOGLE Search Term: "AL-QA`IDAH"

GOOGLE Search Term: "AL QAEDA AL JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "AL QAIDA AL JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "AL-QAEDA MUJAHIDEEN"

AL-QALA'A: Alleged AL QAIDA FORUM (Discussion Forum)

"www.1UMMAH.org: "A CALL TO JIHAD"

JIHAD.ONEUMMAH.net: "A CALL FOR JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAAD"

http://students.washington.edu/rameez/islam/articles/jihad2.htm: "THE RELIGIOUS AND MORAL DOCTRINE ON JIHAD"

USC.edu/dept/MSA: "Translation of Sahih Bukhari, Book 52: "FIGHTING FOR THE CAUSE OF ALLAH (JIHAAD)"

CALIPHATE.net (includes the topics of JIHAD and the TALIBAN)

JIHAD ONLINE.net

AS-SAHWAH.com (ISLAMICAWAKENING.com): "JIHAD"

AS-SAHWAH.com (ISLAMICAWAKENING.com): "JIHAAD" (The Discussion Board)

AS-SAHWAH.com: IslamicAwakening.Com Discussion Board: Jihaad: "AYMAN AL-ZAWAHIRI: A MESSAGE FROM AL-QAEDA" -Posted by Abdul Aziz (September 14, 2003) (Note: Abdul Aziz lists this e-mail address alhaqq@jeeran.com and this web site url http://alhaqq.jeeran.com/ on his profile page.)

AS-SAHWAH.com - ISLAMIC AWAKENING.com Discussion Board: "FATWA ON IRAQ BY SEVEN SCHOLARS" (Discussion Continues August 2003)

AS-SAHWAH.com - ISLAMIC AWAKENING.com Discussion Board: "JIHAD NEWS IN ENGLISH FROM AFGHANISTAN"

AS-SAHWAH.com - ISLAMIC AWAKENING.com Discussion Board: "JIHAD - EVIDENCES AND ELABORATION" -posted by Abdul Khaliq on April 4, 2003 (Discussion Continues July 2003)

AS-SAHWAH.com - ISLAMIC AWAKENING.com Discussion Board: Jihaad: "MAKE DEATH WHAT YOU SEEK (Poem)" - posted by "Abu Hafs Al-Misri" (June 19, 2003)

GOOGLE.com - Search Term: "HAFS AL MISRI"

SAHWAH.net

CYBCITY.com/AZZAMJIHAD

Members.Lycos.co.uk/AZZAMJIHAD2

AZZAMJIHAD.8m.net

AZZAMJIHAD.8m.com

AQSA7.8m.net

AQSA7.8m.com

YAHOO! GROUP: "JEHAADWARFARE"

ISLAAM.org/Al-Mahdi: "Translation of Malik Muwatta, Book 21: "JIHAAD" TALIYAH.org: (TALIYAH AL-MAHDI)

TALIYAH.org - Taliyah Al-Mahdi (Discussion Forums)

AS-SABEEL.com - Sisters' Role in Jihaad - Includes This Article: "WHY WE SISTERS MUST ENCOURAGE OUR HUSBANDS TO GO FOR JIHAAD" ("Source: Clearguidance") (NOTE: AS-SABEEL web site down at this time.)

AS-SAHWAH.com - ISLAMIC AWAKENING DISCUSSION BOARD: JIHAAD: "IS SUICIDE BOMBING HALAAL??" -Posted by mujahida81 (August 1, 2003)

AS-SAHWAH.com - ISLAMIC AWAKENING DISCUSSION BOARD: JIHAAD: "THE STORY OF OUR SISTER HIBA - MUST READ" -Posted by Umm Azzam (Umm_Azzam@ahlussunnah.net) (May 28, 2003)

AS-SAHWAH.com - ISLAMIC AWAKENING DISCUSSION BOARD: JIHAAD: "SISTERS' ROLE IN JIHAD (NOT HAJJ)" -Posted by Ibn.2 (May 1, 2003)

"Geocities.com/PRINCESSTALIBAN/JIHADWOMEN.html"

"PRINCESSTALIBAN.shorturl.com"

Groups.MSN.com/PAROLESdeFEMMES: Photo: "FEMMES MOUDJAHIDAT"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD WOMEN"

ISLAM ONLINE.net - Fatwa Application - "ASK THE SCHOLAR" - Topic: "PALESTINIAN WOMEN CARRYING OUT MARTYR OPERATIONS" (May 22, 2003)

ISLAM ONLINE.net - Fatwa Application - "ASK THE SCHOLAR" - Topic: "MARTYR OPERATIONS CARRIED OUT BY THE PALESTINIANS" (May 22, 2003; July 13, 2003)

JIHAD ONLINE.net: "HAMAS & Islamic Jihad : English: "QARADAWI: MARTYRDOM OPERATIONS HELPED PALESTINE CAUSE" (September 3, 2003)

B-ALSHOHDA.com: Martyrdom Posters

FATEH.org

PAL VOICE.com

"JIHADUNSPUN.net"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD-FISABILILLAH"

ISLAMONLINE.net - Ask About Islam: Topic: "JIHAD AND INNER PEACE"

"JIHAD IN ISLAM: JIHAD: 'THE HIGHEST PEAK OF ISLAM'"

CDLR.net: CDLR Islamic Board>Literature & References>Jihad: "AN AMERICAN SHAHID" -Posted by Abdul on February 2003

BeautifulIslam.net: "SHAHEED (MARTYR)"

ALMINBAR.com: "(1478) - THE VIRTUES OF MARTYRDOM"

SRAYA.com - SARAYA AL-JIHAD

QOQAZ.com

TALIBAN-ONLINE.com

YAHOO! Group: "taliban_info"

YAHOO! GROUPS - Search Term: "TALIBAN ISLAMIC MOVEMENT OF AFGHANISTAN"

YAHOO! GROUP: "taliban_bin_laden"

GOOGLE Search Term: "TALIBAN"

GOOGLE Search Term: "TALEBAN"

ANSAR AL ISLAM (aka Ansar Islam)

www.sevde.de/Cihad/cihad.htm: "CIHAD"

www.islamiyetgercekleri.org/cihad.html: "CIHAD"

WorldNetDaily.com: "CANADIAN IMAN SUPPORTS JIHAD AGAINST U.S." by Art Moore (ARTICLE SNIPPET: "A North American Muslim leader says he supports Saddam Hussein's call for jihad and believes Middle East Muslims should take up arms to expel U.S. troops from Iraq. "If I were there, I would fight with them," said Gamal Solaiman, imam of the mosque in Canada's capital, Ottawa. "I would fight the Americans with my nails and teeth," he declared Sunday in an interview with the CanWest News Service.") (April 8, 2003)

ISLAM ONLINE.net - Fatwa Application - Ask The Scholar: "JIHAD: NOT ONLY FIGHTING" (April 12, 2003)

ISLAM ONLINE.net - Arts and Entertainment: "SONIC JIHAD, TAKE TWO" by Ali Asadullah (February 25, 2003)

ISLAM ONLINE.net - Arts and Entertainment: "RAPPER, PARIS, UNLEASHES A 'SONIC JIHAD" by Ali Asadullah (January 8, 2003)

GUERRILLAFUNK.com (Includes "Sonic Jihad")

FREEREPUBLIC.com - Discussion Forum - Topic: "JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD"

www.geocities.com/jihadfiles: "JIHAD FILES"

GOOGLE Search Term: "GIHAD"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.COM: "JIHAD"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.COM: "IN PRAISE OF JIHAD"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.COM: "JIHAD SONG"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.COM: "ISLAM THE WAY OF JIHAD"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.com: "ARE MARTYRDOM OPERATIONS LAWFUL (ACCORDING TO QURAN AND SUNNAH)?"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.COM: "THE ISLAMIC RULING ON THE PERMISSIBILITY OF MARTYR OPERATIONS"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.COM: "VIRTUES OF SHAHADA IN THE PATH OF ALLAH"

ALHAQQ.JEERAN.COM: "EID MESSAGE FROM MULLAH UMAR"

QUDSWAY.com: "NEDA - ALQUDS: JIHAD MOVEMENT"

RELIGIOSCOPE (Translated into English by Google): "JIHAD AND JIHADISME" (includes the "Declaration of War" by Sheikh Abu Abdullah aka Ousama Ben Laden)

GOOGLE Search Term: "THE INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC FRONT FOR THE JIHAD AGAINST JEWS AND CRUSADERS"

GOOGLE Search Term: "HIRABAH"

GOOGLE Search Term: "QA `IDAT AL-JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "QAEDA AL-JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "QAIDA AL-JIHAD"

SHAREEAH.com - Contributions: "AL-JIHAAD"

MSN Groups: "KHATTAB & BIN LADEN & JIHAD"

E-JEHAD.8m.com: "Guestbook"

E-JIHAD.net

E-JIHAD.com

CDLR.net - Discussion Forum (English)

ISLAMIC DIGEST.net: "e-jihad.net"

ISLAMIC DIGEST.net

MUBAHELA.net

ISLAMIC DEBATE.com

MUBAHELA.net/bbs (Discussion Forum)

AL-ISLAM.com: "AL-JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "EL JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "EL JEHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "ISLAMIC JEHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "ISLAMIC JIHAD"

FREEREPUBLIC.com - News Discussion Threads - Search Term: "ISLAMIC JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "EGYPTIAN ISLAMIC JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "AHL AL-JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "LASKAR JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "HARKAT JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "HARKAT UL-JEHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "HARKAT JIHAD-I-ISLAMI"

GOOGLE Search Term: "HARKAT JIHAD-E ISLAMI"

GOOGLE Search Term: "HARAKAT JIHAD E-ISLAMI"

AlJihad.tk: "AL JIHAD-I-ISLAMI"

G-HAD.tk

JiMail.com: "JIHAD ISLAMI"

Abrarway.com: "JIHAD ISLAMI"

GOOGLE Search Term: "AL JIHADI"

JAMA'AT-UD DAWA Pakistan: "JIHAD"

KASHMIR ONLINE.org: JAMA'AT-UD-DAWA PAKISTAN (Includes Jihad)

GOOGLE Search Term: "PALESTINIAN ISLAMIC JIHAD"

"PALESTINIAN FORUM"

GOOGLE Search Term: "SARAYA AL-JIHAD AL-ISLAMI"

GOOGLE Search Term: "BRIGADES OF ISLAMIC JIHAD"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD BRIGADE"

ISLAMIC-PATHS.org: "Jihad and Terrorism - Fatwa: Martyr Operations Carried Out by Palestinians" by Sheikh Faysal Mawlawi (April 28, 2001)

GOOGLE Search Term: "JEHADE"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD WARRIORS"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD WARRIOR"

"KHAYMA.com/MOJAHDNET"

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHADIA"

GOOGLE Search Term: "SALAFIA JIHADIA"

"SalafyahMojaheda.50megs.com"

"www.salafyahmojaheda.50megs.com/PICTURE.html"

JCPA.org - JERUSALEM CENTER FOR PUBLIC AFFAIRS - Jerusalem Issue Brief: "WHO IS TAKING CREDIT FOR ATTACKS ON THE U.S. ARMY IN WESTERN IRAQ? AL-JAMA'A AL-SALAFIYA AL-MUJAHIDA" by Lt. Col. Jonathn D. Halevi (August 5, 2003)

YAHOO! Groups: "Iraq_and_Afghanistan_Jihad_Forum" (Discussion Forum)

YAHOO! Groups: "Iraq_and_Afghanistan_Jihad_Forum - THE JIHAD FORUM: "[TheMuslimNews] Two Years On and Striving Hard in Allah's Cause" -Posted by "IslamicHelp" (September 11, 2003)

YAHOO! Groups: Al-Jehad-online: "News of AL JIHAD in Iraq and Afghanistan Jehad" (Discussion Forum)

ALM2SDA.com (Note: Alleged to be a Jihad-Related Site)

GOOGLE Search Term: "JIHAD AL-" (NOTE: Generic search for new and/or old Jihads not on this list.)

GOOGLE Search Term: "JEHAD AL-" (NOTE: Generic search for new and/or old Jehads not on this list.)

GOOGLE Search Term: "FATWA AGAINST"

[Cindy]

INFO Ping

[Alamo-Girl]

Thank you so very much for all the links!

[piasa]

thanks

[Cindy]

You're both very welcome.

We live in interesting times to say the least, so my "links of interest" changes with these times --- almost daily.