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Israeli expert implicates Iraq in US anthrax attacks
Jerusalem Post ^ | Feb. 11, 2003 | DAVID RUDGE

Posted on 02/11/2003 7:37:08 AM PST by yonif

Accumulated evidence, albeit mostly circumstantial, is nonethless sufficient to implicate Iraq in the wave of Anthrax incidents in America in the aftermath of the September 11 terror attacks, according to former IDF intelligence officer Dr. Danny Shoham.

Mystery still surrounds the affair of letters containing the deadly biological warfare agent that were sent to various addresses in the US over a more than two-month period shortly after the suicide attacks on New York and Washington.

Shoham, a senior researcher at Bar Ilan University's Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, believes that the proximity of the two events is no coincidence and that both were perpetrated by al-Qaida and sponsored by Iraq.

This thesis, published in the latest edition of the authoratitive "International Journal of Intelligence and Counter-Intelligence," is based on reported links between Iraqi intelligence and al-Qaida in Sudan in the early 1990s.

The international terrorist organization's leader Osama bin Laden was reported to have found a temporary safe haven in Sudan at a time that coinicded with reports that significant portions of Iraq's non-conventional weapons assets had also been moved there for "safe-keeping."

"They (bin Laden and Iraqi intelligence) found several common denominators, including inflicting damage and harm on the US and Israel through a variety of means of terror," said Shoham.

"These strong bonds intensified towards the end of the 1990's and reached a peak in the attacks against New York and Washington and the distribution of the Anthrax letters.

"The preparations for both these acts of sabotage were far too meticulous and required such a great deal of complex planning and real-time intelligence that they could not have been conducted by a terrorist organization.

"The resources needed for such operations, including installations for the process of manufacturing Anthrax powder, point to the involvement of a State that sponsors terrorism," he said.

Regarding Iraq being behind the Anthrax letters, Shoham contends that the culmulative evidence is sufficient to form just that conclusion despite its circumstantial nature. This concept could equally apply to findings presented to the UN Security Council last week by Secretary of State Colin Powell to prove the existence of Iraq's weapons of mass destruction and that it is not disarming.

"The Anthrax evidence relates to four categories the earlier conduct by Iraq of non-conventional preparations and operations, Iraqi activities concerned with Anthrax as a biological warfare agent and the relationship of Iraq to the affair of the Anthrax letters," said Shoham.

"In each of these categories there is a critical mass of circumstantial evidence the integration of which is superior to the defense of reasonable doubt.

"In the first category it is known that in the 1980's Iraqi intelligence established a security network for researching and producing non-conventional weapons and made preparations for conducting biological and chemical terrorism. "In terms of operations, it is also known that these agents have been used, for example against the Kurds and against political opponents of the regime of Saddam Hussein. The Iraqis put nerve agents in the food supplies of fugitive Kurds, as well as in the the shells fired at them.

"Investigations into the abortive attack against the Twin Towers in 1993, when explosives as well as cyanide precursors were used, found that this was Iraqi sponsored.

"Regarding the third category, in the extremely diversified range of biological warfare agents developed by the Iraqis since the 1980's, Anthrax was considered in their conception to be the most important for military and sabotage operations."

Shoham said the fact that Iraq has stockpiled Anthrax, has not hesitated to use non-conventional weapons in the past and has an established a network for perpetration bio-chemical terrorism, coupled with its reputed links to al-Qaida, leads to the conclusion it was involved in the Anthrax letters affair.

"A comprehensive analysis of all the relevant information negates the still considered possibility that the operation was a purely American domestic affair," he said.

"Installations, not just a one or two room laboratory, are needed to produce the kind of Anthrax powder that was used in these cases.

"The chances that such installations existed in America but have not been discovered until this day are slim. Similarly, the chances that they were discovered but the information has been kept under wraps and has not been unearthed by the press are also slim."

Shoham contends that in the grey world of intelligence gathering and analysis where verifiable facts are hard to come by, it is often the case that accumulated circumstantial evidence has to suffice.

"Any analytical context that is not merely technical but relies on the power of the mind, ultimately reaches a point where evidence, even if only circumstantial, generally accumulates to a certain level of a critical mass, thus producing a solid conclusion," he says.

"This point is both conceivable and pragmatic. Its validity is both intrinsic and objective, stemming from an inherent plausability. Occasionally, the resulting conclusion is inadequate to propel the practical moves strategic or political which are regarded as it corollaries.

"This may be inevitable due to the very fact that the evidence is circumstantial, but that does not impair the validity even for those conclusions considered to be inferential assessments.

Unavoidably, intelligence analysts often face such challenges."

Asked why the alleged Iraqi links to the Anthrax letters had not been highlighted by the Americans and used to further justify the use of force to disarm Saddam and his regime, Shoham said the fact it had been accepted for publication in a highly reputable American journal did not necessarily mean it was accepted by the US authorities.

"They might, however, have come to this same conclusion but to only reveal the information now would be an admission of failure on the part of the investigators so they might be refraining from publicly dealing with the issue at this stage," Shoham added.


TOPICS: Extended News; Foreign Affairs; Front Page News; Government; Israel; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: anthraxattacks; colloidal; counterterrorism; fumedsilica; iraq; israelexpert; silicondioxide
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1 posted on 02/11/2003 7:37:09 AM PST by yonif
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To: yonif
I'd be curious to see his answer to:

1) Why kill as MANY people as possible in the towers and REALLY go out of your way to kill as FEW people as possible with the anthrax, if it was the same people?

2) Why single out Leahy and Daschle as your only government targets if you're Iraq or Al Queda?

And the subject of what facilities would have been needed to produce the anthrax has been the subject of infinite debate, and literally every other article in a reputable news source takes exactly the opposite position from whatever was the previous article over whether vast facilities or a small homebuilt lab could have produced the anthrax.
2 posted on 02/11/2003 7:51:08 AM PST by John H K
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To: John H K
(1) Because the primary objective of the anthrax mailings was terror, not murder.

(2)Because they liked the way Klintoon pinned OKC wholly on McVeigh so much that they thought they could accomplish their terror objective while also getting cover from a "right wing extremist" theory, and that cover is exactly what they got from the start.

3 posted on 02/11/2003 7:57:06 AM PST by Kryptonite
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To: The Great Satan
Thought you might find this interesting.

Anyone who wants to know the truth can find it. The problem is, most people do NOT want to know the truth. The implications are too painful to contemplate.

I have not been posting much lately (major illness in the family), but still have time to follow what's going on. Keep up the good work.
4 posted on 02/11/2003 7:59:33 AM PST by EternalHope
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To: John H K
and literally every other article in a reputable news source takes exactly the opposite position from whatever was the previous article over whether vast facilities or a small homebuilt lab could have produced the anthrax.

Here's an article from the Washington Post, which most of the elites consider to be a "reputable news source", quoting Richard Spertzel, one of the world's foremost experts on bioweapons, who disagrees.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A28334-2002Oct27&notFound=true

On an unrelated note, why exactly are you here on Free Republic? Whenever I see you here, it seems like it is almost always to attack other people, whether it was people suggesting that the Beltway Snipers might be Muslims, or people suggesting that Iraq has fostered much of the terrorist acts against us over the last ten years. In fact, a few days ago an another thread you made the outrageous suggestion that some people here want to see another major terrorist attack against us. Are you even a conservative?

5 posted on 02/11/2003 8:00:36 AM PST by jpl
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To: EternalHope
You beat me to pinging TGS on this - it certainly helps back up his theory.

Prayers for your family.
6 posted on 02/11/2003 8:02:55 AM PST by Quilla
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To: yonif
Greetings yonif, FReepers, et al:
What I find most interesting, Iraq admits to possessing anthrax in 1991. Iraq was compelled to destroy all anthrax, but as of this date, the UN has not analyzed and destroyed one spore of Iraqi anthrax.
7 posted on 02/11/2003 8:41:20 AM PST by OneLoyalAmerican (I'm suffering writers cramp for whitty tag lines today.)
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To: OneLoyalAmerican
Its always been a curious point to me that the Ames strain was used, which is from an American source, but it was weaponized to a high degree with silicates that allowed it to remain airborne for long periods of time.

This isnt the American way to weaponize anthrax. I sounds more like Iraq and Dr Deaths way to weaponize these strains.

Thats why I have always believed Iraq was behind it.

Although some people claim it had to be American, I still stand behind the point that American methods were not used to weaponize it.
8 posted on 02/11/2003 8:46:27 AM PST by judicial meanz
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To: John H K
Why single out Leahy and Daschle as your only government targets if you're Iraq or Al Queda?

Suppose you don't know who the Big Wheels in the U.S. government are. Other than the President, you haven't heard of any of them. You're in a foreign country that you don't really understand.

You can tell by turning on the TV who the big networks are. And driving down the freeway, you saw that building named "American Media." You pick up a newspaper, and there are big stories about this Daschle character and some guy named Leahy. You don't know who they are, but they must be important to get such news coverage.

The explanation could be that easy.

9 posted on 02/11/2003 8:47:16 AM PST by Nick Danger (these Frenchmen are all cheese and no moose)
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To: Nick Danger
>>And driving down the freeway, you saw that building named "American Media."<<

Yes, I think the fact that the first attack was on a small Florida company that prints supermarket circulars, that no one ever heard of but which had the name, "American Media" AND was next door to Mohammed Atta's digs is virtually diagnostic of hostile non-American involvement.

10 posted on 02/11/2003 8:50:17 AM PST by Jim Noble
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To: John H K
Why kill as MANY people as possible in the towers and REALLY go out of your way to kill as FEW people as possible with the anthrax, if it was the same people?

The anthrax thing had to be some sort of a shot across the bow on the part of the Iraqis. The stuff was particalized to such an extent that it went right through the paper of envelopes while at the same time was not weaponized or otherwise resistant to antibiotics. A very strange combination of approaches if domestically produced, but precisely what you'd expect as a warning from the Iraqis.

Obviously, nobody can be allowed to get away with such a thing.

11 posted on 02/11/2003 9:00:04 AM PST by martianagent
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To: judicial meanz
"Its always been a curious point to me that the Ames strain was used, which is from an American source..."

Don't be misled by an assumption that, because it's Ames, it has to have come from the U.S. That's like saying that Spanish influenza can only exist in Spain.

The Ames strain was shared with several other countries -- both as a biowarfare possibility (to military labs) and as a serious animal husbandry threat (to vet med schools).

Thus, the sample that was cultured in volume by the Iraqis could have come via any of many possible sources. And it was chosen for weaponization, not because of its American origin, but because of its virulence.

12 posted on 02/11/2003 9:23:57 AM PST by okie01 (The Mainstream Media: IGNORANCE ON PARADE.)
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To: martianagent
The anthrax thing had to be some sort of a shot across the bow on the part of the Iraqis.

Of course that's exactly what it was. And by itself, the anthrax threats demonstrate conclusively that Saddam was the author of 9/11. Click on the pic for a full briefing.


13 posted on 02/11/2003 9:25:15 AM PST by The Great Satan (Revenge, Terror and Extortion: A Guide for the Perplexed)
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To: okie01
You are so right. It originated in Ames, but it is everywhere in the world.
14 posted on 02/11/2003 9:25:33 AM PST by judicial meanz
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To: martianagent
Interesting and important.
15 posted on 02/11/2003 9:26:05 AM PST by justshutupandtakeit
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To: yonif
Tell it to the FBI who are frantic trying to build a case against that researcher in Maryland.
16 posted on 02/11/2003 9:27:23 AM PST by Semper Paratus
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To: Nick Danger
"You pick up a newspaper, and there are big stories about this Daschle character and some guy named Leahy. You don't know who they are, but they must be important to get such news coverage.

"The explanation could be that easy."

It could be even easier. Addressing the anthrax to the Democrats makes it more plausible that a "right-wing crazy" was responsible for the attack. Thus providing a degree of cover and serving one major objective of terrorism: to divide the target against itself.

17 posted on 02/11/2003 9:27:34 AM PST by okie01 (The Mainstream Media: IGNORANCE ON PARADE.)
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To: judicial meanz
"It originated in Ames, but it is everywhere in the world."

Actually, it originated in South Texas. But was sent by a Texas A&M staffer to the national type culture lab in a re-used shipper which had the Dept of Ag animal diseases lab in Ames, IA as the return address.

Thus, did it gain its name. More accurately, it would be the Cotulla Strain...

18 posted on 02/11/2003 9:31:51 AM PST by okie01 (The Mainstream Media: IGNORANCE ON PARADE.)
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To: yonif
I have long suspected that Iraq was behind the anthrax attacks. Wish we could prove it beyond doubt.
19 posted on 02/11/2003 9:33:51 AM PST by MEGoody
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To: okie01
I am so glad you are here. My experience is in keeping myself from being infected with it while doing military work..LOL

You are definitely an asset, and a fellow Okie...
20 posted on 02/11/2003 9:40:48 AM PST by judicial meanz
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