Free Republic

Were you taken back by Supreme Court Justice Ruth Ginsburg's recent admission that Roe v. Wade was decided because persons were worried about "populations that we don't want to have too many of"? Ginsburg's atavistic views can be traced back to the pioneering work of Margaret Sanger, the celebrated American feminist who later founded Planned Parenthood. Beyond her feverish crusade to convince women to use birth control, Sanger was an unapologetic eugenicist. In her book The Pivot of Civilization she wrote, "More children from the fit, less from the unfit — that is the chief issue of birth control." In...

Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg recently unburdened herself to the New York Times: “Yes, the ruling [in Harris v. McRae that the federal government does not have to pay for elective abortions] surprised me. Frankly I had thought that at the time Roe was decided, there was concern about population growth and particularly growth in populations that we don’t want to have too many of.” Here, if ever there was one, is a smoking gun. Here is confirmation of what pro-lifers have long maintained—that liberal abortion is, in Jesse Jackson’s words, “black genocide.” Or did Justice Ginsburg simply mean the poor,...

“Birth control,” [Margaret Sanger] declared in 1923, “is nothing more or less than the facilitation of the process of weeding out the unfit, or preventing the birth of defectives or of those who will become defectives.” Her mission: to stop ”keeping alive thousands who never, in all human compassion, should have been brought into this world.”Sanger was ambitious. She actively advocated for sterilization of the great unwashed - the “feeble-minded, insane… deaf, deformed and dependent,” including “orphans, ne’er-do-wells, tramps, the homeless and paupers.” Talk about a hard knock life.

Planned Parenthood’s efforts to exterminate the babies of those it sees as “unfit” to reproduce will be celebrated today by people that can only be identified properly as evil bastards. The liberal media-Hollywood-political gliterati work tirelessly to fulfill Margaret Sanger’s dreams of murdering millions of Black, Hispanic, Jewish and Roman Catholic babies. These morally bankrupt phonies probably haven’t a clue about the link between Sanger and the Nazis – that’s the real Nazis not Republicans they call Nazis. They show up with their checkbooks “religiously.” Since Roe, Liberals have facilitated the extermination of more than 49 million infants, including 15...

Congratulations to Rosary Films winner of our 4th Annual Contest. The online video Margaret Sanger's Account Of Her Lecture To The Ku Klux Klan / Educational Video Film has been named this year's winner of the 2008 Margaret Sanger at the Ku Klux Klan Rally Art Contest. The Contest is sponsored annually by the Truth About Margaret Sanger Blogspot.

Sanger's plans for genetic cleansing for the sake of "racial health" were racist as well. She was horrified by the fertility of the immigrant "Slavs, Latins [i.e., Italians], and Hebrews," ...As for the black population in the United States, Sanger "did not want the word to go out that we want to exterminate the Negro population..."

VIDEO The Smithsonian is honoring one of the 20th century's most notorious eugenics proponents, Margaret Sanger. American Life League exposes Sanger's racist plan to create a "master race."

Racist Margaret Sanger featured at the Smithsonian American Life League has an excellent new video out taking the taxpayer funded Smithsonian to task for celebrating Planned Parenthood founder Margaret Sanger as one of the "Women of our time." ALL exposes Sanger in this video as a eugenicist focused on contracepting and sterilizing those she considered inferior, including the "Negro." From http://hrtl.blogspot.com/2008/11/planned-parenthoods-racist-founder.html American Life League Dear Friends of Life, It's been a little over a month since I last sent out an ALL Report, but that's because we spent that time puting together a very special and very important video report...

Washington, DC -- A new exhibit at the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery celebrates women's contributions to America but honors a handful of abortion advocates. The exhibit touts Margaret Sanger, the founder of the nation's largest abortion business, Planned Parenthood, and others. Read the full story and take action at: http://www.LifeNews.com/nat4423.html

Planned Parenthood, an organization that claims to promote women's health and well-being, has a deeply stained history of racism, hatred and lies. Margaret Sanger, the founder of Planned Parenthood, summed up the purpose of her organization with this statement: "More children from the fit, less from the unfit." It sounds like something out of Nazi Germany, like eugenics or creating a master race. Sanger founded the American Birth Control League in 1923, which later became the Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. She was a passionate advocate for eugenics, a movement that essentially tried to wipe out any human being...

Books are one of our greatest resources, but many times in history books have been written which are misleading or untrue. In some cases this has lead to widescale death and destruction and evil governmental regimes. This is a list of ten of the worst books of this type - books that have done more harm than good. The common thread in all of these books is deception - invariably not intentional, but the consequences are the same regardless. 10 Malleus MaleficarumHeinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger, 1486 On the list because: It inflamed witch hunts across Europe Malleus Maleficarum (The...

Margaret Sanger would have loved Barack Obama Rev. Clenard H.Childress Clenard Childress March 15, 2008 Revelations of eugenic ideology and the racist practices of Planned Parenthood are unfolding more and more. The public is just beginning to believe what people of conscience have known long ago: Planned Parenthood has diabolically perpetrated their murderous plot to surgically eliminate those they deem undesirable. In other words: kill the babies of unsuspecting minority women by aborting their children. Then, tell them this is a "good thing" for you and your people. No other ethnic group in the United States has been decimated...

Most of my life I had considered myself a Christian. Yet 18 years ago as I sat quietly and prayed, I experienced a deep realization – I harbored resentment in my heart. The realization caused me to repent and forgive. Forgiveness set me free from within, and I began to see with a clarity I never had before. Soon after that life-changing experience, I started BOND to help black men overcome their resentments and find freedom. Soon I was helping men of every race as I saw mankind's problems were universal. I began to counsel young and older women as...

A reader e-mailed us today urging that the Margaret Sanger Adolph Hitler Morph be entered into the Margaret Sanger at the Ku Klux Klan Rally Art Contest. However, for several reasons. the morph is clearly ineligible.1) We believe it falls under the category of a photoshop. Under this year's new rules, photoshops are banned.2) The sponsor of the contest was instrumental in developing the Morph.3) It is of zero artistic value.However, we do have a record number of participants and some very high quality entries so far. And there are still at least two more excellent entries that have not...

Yes folks, at long last, it is time again for The Margaret Sanger at the Ku Klux Klan Rally Art Contest. This year's contest will be the 3rd Annual and marks the 81th Anniversary of Margaret Sanger's speech to the Women's Branch of the Silver Lake Ku Klux Klan. In her own 1938 autobiography, Margaret Sanger An Autobiography (1971 reprint by Dover Publications, Inc. of the 1938 original published by W.W. Norton & Company) Sanger indicates at pages 366-367 that the she got along quite well with members of a New Jersey branch of the Ku Klux Klan at her...

Given that Planned Parenthood founder Margaret Sanger's primary purpose in advocating legal abortion was to eliminate "inferior" breeds (what Sanger and the rest of the eugenicist movement meant by this was mental defectives, cripples and, of course, black people), the fact that Planned Parenthood is moving hard into Africa is just carrying out the founder's dream: Aug. 17, 2007 (C-fam.org/CWNews.com) - The UN Population Found (UNFPA) and International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) are ramping up abortion campaigns in Africa, the Catholic Family and Human Rights Institute (C-Fam) observes. In C-Fam's Friday Fax, Samantha Singson reports that IPPF and UNFPA have...

Major U.S. Newsweekly Offers Sanitized Version of Racist Margaret Sanger Entirely omits racist motivation behind vehement commitment to birth control, abortion, sterilization By Elizabeth O'Brien WASHINGTON, DC, August 7, 2007 (LifeSiteNews.com) - The third largest U.S. newsweekly published a highly skewed historical account of Margaret Sanger, entirely omitting the racist motivation behind her vehement commitment to birth control, abortion and sterilization. U.S.News & World Report, a rival of Time magazine and Newsweek, published an article on Sunday entitled, "The Passions Behind the Pill, helping women in poverty is what drove the development of the oral contraceptive." The story makes no hint...

Proving once again that foolish ideas don't die or fade away -- they walk the earth eternally, preying on the brains of the living -- scientists at a UK think tank have determined that the greatest threat to the planet is more human beings. "The effect on the planet of having one child less is an order of magnitude greater than all these other things we might do, such as switching off lights," explains Professor John Guillebaud, co-chairman of the Optimum Population Trust (OPT). "The greatest thing anyone in Britain could do to help the future of the planet would...

Here are some outrageous and racist comments by environmentalists. These are compiled and documented in my book Eco-Freaks: Environmentalism Is Hazardous to Your Health. John Muir, founder of the Sierra Club: Muir said American Indians are “mostly ugly, and some of them altogether hideous.” They “seemed to have no right place in the landscape,” he continued. Muir is still honored without qualification on the Sierra Club web site, which proclaims, “John Muir is as relevant today as he was over 100 years ago.” Paul Ehrlich, influential “overpopulation” guru and professor of population studies at Stanford University: In his best-selling book,...

Planned Parenthood gets almost a third of its money in government grants and contracts ($265.2 million in FY 2004; $4.43 million in FY 2005 in Pennsylvania). Is this appropriate? No, it’s akin to funding the Ku Klux Klan considering the sordid, racist history of the organization. No, Margaret Sanger herself said “Organized charity itself is the symptom of a malignant social disease.” So why use state funding for organized charity? Yes, as Mrs. Sanger, the group’s founder, said “Birth control itself, often denounced as a violation of natural law, is nothing more or less than the facilitation of the process...

A speech Rudy Giuliani delivered to an abortion-rights advocacy group when he was mayor of New York City and more recent comments about the Supreme Court could complicate his efforts to woo conservative votes in crucial presidential primary states. Giuliani will test his new abortion talking points with conservative voters today when he campaigns in South Carolina, a state that is expected to pose an obstacle to centrist GOP presidential candidates next year. Giuliani, who was an outspoken supporter of abortion rights when he ran for city office in the 1990s, has shifted his position to appeal to conservative voters...

Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience. Therefore do not become partners with them; for at one time you were darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Walk as children of light (for the fruit of light is found in all that is good and right and true), and try to discern what is pleasing to the Lord. Take no part in the unfruitful works of darkness, but instead expose them. For it is shameful even to speak of the things that...

It is time again for the Margaret Sanger at the Ku Klux Klan Rally Art Contest. This year's contest will highlight the 80th Anniversary of Margaret Sanger's speech to the the women's branch of the Silver Lake Ku Klux Klan. In her own 1938 autobiography, Margaret Sanger An Autobiography (1971 reprint by Dover Publications, Inc. of the 1938 original published by W.W. Norton & Company) Sanger indicates at pages 366-367 that the she got along quite well with members of a New Jersey branch of the Ku Klux Klan at her 1926 speech, eventually getting a "dozen invitations to speak...

WASHINGTON (AP) -- On a street once known as Murder Row, a teen center founded to steer youths away from drugs and crime has become an outpost in another crusade - a nationwide push by anti-abortion activists to expand their foothold in heavily black and Hispanic inner cities. The campaign involves crisis pregnancy centers, whose counselors seek to dissuade women with unplanned pregnancies from having abortions. There are more than 2,300 centers across America, yet relatively few in inner cities where abortion rates are typically highest. Now the two largest networks - Care Net and Heartbeat International - have launched...

Blanco says she'll sign abortion bill Gov. Kathleen Blanco said Thursday that she'll sign a near-total ban on abortion - without exceptions for rape or incest victims - that is nearing final legislative passage. The Louisiana House and Senate have approved the measure by Sen. Ben Nevers, D-Bogalusa, but it awaits one final approval from the Senate of House changes before it reaches Blanco's desk. It only would allow abortion in cases where the woman's life is in danger or when childbirth would permanently harm her health.

In unearthed letter urged President-elect Clinton to 'reform' country A letter to Bill Clinton written by the co-counsel who successfully argued the Roe v. Wade decision urged the then-president-elect to "eliminate the barely educated, unhealthy and poor segment of our country" by liberalizing abortion laws. Ron Weddington, who with his wife Sarah Weddington represented "Jane Roe," sent the four-page letter to President Clinton's transition team before Clinton took office in January 1993. The missive turned up in an exhibit put together by the watchdog legal group Judicial Watch, which has been researching the Clinton administration's policy on the abortion drug...

"Could we do it?" one administration official who was deeply involved in planning the Iraq invasion said recently. "Sure. Could we manage the aftermath? I doubt it." Similar fears, he said, gave President Bill Clinton pause about launching a strike on North Korea in 1994. Later that year he reached an accord for a freeze on the North's nuclear production facilities. But in 2003 everything unfroze, and now the North, by C.I.A. estimates, has enough fuel for at least half a dozen bombs. The Iranians took careful notes then, and here in Washington today the Korean experience underlies diplomacy-versus-force arguments...

On January 8, 2006, I attended the Justice Sunday III conference at Greater Exodus Baptist Church, a predominantly black church in Philadelphia. Reverend Herbert Lusk preached passionately against abortion and called it murder. Today, I will attend the Blogs4Life Conference, then head to the National Mall for the March for Life rally. I hope to see a large number of the kind of people who nodded in agreement with Rev. Lusk’s sermon. Black women are three times as likely to have abortions as their white counterparts. Blacks and Hispanics are about 25 percent of the population, yet they account for...

CRAWFORD, Texas — For six days, President Bush has stayed in nearly complete isolation on his ranch here — just mountain-biking and brush-clearing, the White House insisted daily, and seeing only one visitor, his mother-in-law, Jenna Welch. He never even ventured into this little town of 600, not even to the cheeseburger joint that he often uses as a political tool to show that he is in touch with his neighbors. But on New Year's Day, after a brief stop at an Army hospital in San Antonio to visit wounded soldiers, Bush is scheduled to return to the White House...

TORONTO, NOV. 12, 2005 (Zenit.org).- A growing demand for "perfect children" is leading to the elimination of unborn babies with health problems. The Globe and Mail newspaper reported Oct. 28 that the number of children born with cystic fibrosis has fallen sharply in recent years. According to research published in the Journal of Pediatrics, currently 1 in 3,608 babies born in Canada suffer from cystic fibrosis, compared with 1 in 2,714 before a genetic test for this disease existed. "Our hypothesis," Mary Corey, a senior scientist at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, told the Globe and Mail, "is...

Although no shots have thus far been fired, a fierce battle is nonetheless being waged for the hearts and souls of Americans. The combatants, locked in a life-or-death struggle, are two antithetical worldviews. On one side is America's traditional Christian-Judeo worldview, selected by our Founders as the moral rock on which to anchor our nation. First among its principles is the sanctity of life, an absolute necessity if individual liberty and equality before the law are to exist. The second combatant is a malevolent alien to our shores. It's based in arrested emotional development, invidious envy, and phantasmagorical dreams of...

Republicans who support abortion rights should take back their party, the grandson of Planned Parenthood founder Margaret Sanger told a Peoria audience Thursday. Alex Sanger, 57, spoke at the 40th anniversary celebration and awards dinner of Planned Parenthood Heart of Illinois at the Hotel Pere Marquette. "Reproductive freedom is in the hands of the Republican Party," he said. "No freedom, no right is safe if one party platform opposes it." Sanger said polls show 73 percent of registered Republicans support abortion rights in at least some circumstances. "The Republican Party is pro-choice," he said. This group must be encouraged to...

ROMA, July 7, 2005 – The Organization of the United Nations turned 60 years old at the end of June. But the administration of George W. Bush celebrated this in its own way: for the fourth year in a row, it denied payment of the 34 million dollars previously given to the UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund. The reason: the anti-life policies that the UNFPA finances in China, supporting male and female sterilization and forced abortion for handicapped and excess children. With the 34 million dollars that it has saved, the Bush administration will finance medical assistance programs for...

Editor's note: The following commentary is excerpted from Jack Cashill's eye-opening new book, "Hoodwinked: How Intellectual Hucksters Have Hijacked American Culture," where he shows how, over the last century, "progressive" writers and producers have been using falsehood and fraud as their primary weapons in their attack on America. Although Planned Parenthood has tried desperately to shred the files of its founding mother, Margaret Sanger herself has left a detailed record of how she lived and how she thought. The most unimpeachable source of the former is her autobiography, written in 1938, and of the latter, her landmark book, "The Pivot...

Dan Flynn discusses more than a dozen intellectual morons in his book, including Noam Chomsky, Michel Foucault, Margaret Sanger, and Alfred Kinsey. Of all the figures discussed in Intellectual Morons, which one has had the more pernicious impact on our world and why? My college education seems to have included a reading, at one time or another, of a who’s who of Dan Flynn’s intellectual morons. Whether it was the application of Michel Foucault’s sexual theories to Victorian literature, an exploration of Alfred Kinsey’s findings in psychology, or an all-star lineup of thinkers like Sanger, Friedan, or Du Bois in...

WASHINGTON, March 28 - The final report of a presidential commission studying American intelligence failures regarding illicit weapons includes a searing critique of how the C.I.A. and other agencies never properly assessed Saddam Hussein's political maneuverings or the possibility that he no longer had weapon stockpiles, according to officials who have seen the report's executive summary. The report also proposes broad changes in the sharing of information among intelligence agencies that go well beyond the legislation passed by Congress late last year that set up a director of national intelligence to coordinate action among all 15 agencies. Those recommendations are...

Dear Editor,: Nearly 35 years ago, Martin Luther King Jr. was honored with Planned Parenthood’s "Margaret Sanger Award," named after the courageous woman who, in 1916, opened the first birth-control clinic in New York City and founded the Planned Parenthood movement. King was recognized for his strong support of family planning. The words of King still have a great impact on our cause today: "There is no human circumstance more tragic than the persisting existence of a harmful condition for which a remedy is readily available. Family planning, to relate population to world resources, is possible, practical and necessary. Unlike...

In 1960, Margaret Sanger, the founder of Planned Parenthood, vowed that she would leave the United States forever if that well-known defender of reactionary conservatism, John F. Kennedy, were ever elected to the presidency. Margaret was a fervent Marxist, a radical feminist, and, despite comical denials posted on Planned Parenthood’s website, a rabid eugenicist. According to her New York Times obituary, dated September 7, 1966, Sanger specifically recommended the practice of birth control to prevent procreation among those of the poor prone to producing heritably ‘subnormal’ children, and, in the early years of the 20th Century, the masthead of her...

Silent No More: A Major Crisis in the African-American CommunityBy Rev. John J. Raphael, SSJRoman Catholic ChaplainHoward University, Washington, DC Do you know what the leading cause of death in the African American Community since 1973 is? Think about it for a minute. Is it heart disease-2,266,789 deaths since 1973, cancer-1,638,350, or accidents-370,723? Is it AIDS-203,695, or violent crimes-306, 313? There is one possibility that is often overlooked. It happens 1452 times a day in our community. It has taken over 13 million Black lives within the last 30 years. It has taken 1/3 of our present population. What...

AMSTERDAM — A hospital in the Netherlands — the first nation to permit euthanasia — has proposed guidelines for mercy killings of terminally ill newborns and then made a startling revelation: It already has begun carrying out such procedures, which include administering a lethal dose of sedatives.     The announcement by the Groningen Academic Hospital came amid a growing discussion in the Netherlands on whether to legalize euthanasia on people who are incapable of deciding for themselves. [snip]The hospital revealed last month that it had carried out four such mercy killings in 2003 and had reported the cases to government...

Taking their message as close to school campuses as they are legally allowed, local abortion opponents have been distributing information to students that compares abortion with racial lynchings by the Ku Klux Klan. About 15 members of a group called Teens for Life appeared late last week outside Rocklin High School and, as students entered campus, distributed brochures depicting a pointed white hood with the statement: "Lynching Is for Amateurs." "Planned Parenthood is accomplishing what the Klan could only dream about," the brochure states underneath a list of statistics about abortion rates among African American women. Typically, the group stands...

WASHINGTON -- After a lengthy incubation, the sick dreams of Margaret Sanger are finally hatching. Against the excuses of her modern defenders, it should be remembered that the founder of Planned Parenthood's main interest in the legalization of abortion was not that women should be freed from the bonds of childbearing, but that unsavory types should be cleansed from the larger population. In fact, Sanger only turned to abortion when her original plan to "apply a stern and rigid policy of sterilization and segregation" to those with "objectionable traits" -- sometimes derided as the stronger epithet "human weeds" -- found...

In 1967 and 1968, Japan, Europe and America were aflame with violence. From the London School of Economics, to the Sorbonne, from Japan to Rome and in dozens of cities across the United States, tens of thousands of students staged protests and sit-ins throughout the countries of the First World. While dozens of books with varying theories concerning the causes of this conflagration have been written, most agree implicitly or explicitly on one thing: post-war fecundity, the unusually high world-wide population of young people following World War II, was the fuel for the fire. The irony is rather interesting.

Latina Komen Advisor Resigns Latina Komen Advisor Resigns Women of color have been the target of Eugenics policies for many years. Margaret Sanger's Planned Parenthood, has its roots in the destruction of people of color. Latina Advisor resigns over Komen's Planned Parenthood funding. (PRWEB) September 24, 2004 -- Definition: Eugenics - The study of hereditary improvement of the human race by controlled selective breeding. (American Heritage Dictionary, Standard Edition) [Margaret Sanger…] built Planned Parenthood, on the ideas and resources of the eugenics movement." (blackgenocide.org) In one town alone, Barceloneta [Puerto Rico], 20,000 women were sterilized between 1956 and 1976 (Garcia...

In his new book, Intellectual Morons, Daniel Flynn exposes the dangers of blindly following intellectual elites who support and promote idiotic ideas and theories. Chris Banescu, who recently wrote the review of the book, interviewed Flynn about the origins of the material and the impact its revelations will have on our culture. Chris Banescu: What inspired you to write this book? Daniel Flynn: My goal in writing Intellectual Morons is to get more people to think with their brain rather than their ideology. By exposing ideologically-inspired hoaxes and frauds, the book not only rebuts falsehood but helps immunize readers against...

My daughther came to me with an interesting question tonight about Margaret Sanger. She said her history teacher in her 9th grade class were shown a documentary that included Margaret Sanger. The documentary was about "Women in American History". It included women like Abigail Adams and Sally Ride. Maragert Sanger was at the end of the list. Now, to the teacher's credit, she immediately told the class to discount Margaret Sanger as a Racist, Pro Nazi, and that was for the forced termination of reproduction of other races. I was hoping that my fellow FReepers might aid in her education...

Kerry’s kiss of death by Judi McLeod At best, Senator John Kerry isn’t winning any friends being endorsed by the political arm of the taxpayer-supported Planned Parenthood Federation. At worst, it could be the Kerry kiss of death. Kerry’s landmark endorsement is the first time the group has ever endorsed a candidate for president, according to the American Press--and it could be the last when mainstream Americans discover what the Planned Parenthood Federation stands for. Margaret Sanger, founder of Planned Parenthood had this to say about blacks, immigrants and indigents: "…human weeds, ‘reckless breeders’, `spawning…human beings who should never have...

Note: This commentary was delivered by Prison Fellowship President Mark Earley. One day in 1981, when Jeannette Watson was visiting her doctor for a pregnancy checkup, she told him about her congenital hip displaysia. The doctor informed her, “In a few years there is going to be a genetic test to determine early in a pregnancy if the fetus carries that defective gene.” Jeannette, who considered herself pro-choice, responded, “I would never kill my baby because he had hip displaysia.” Jeannette’s husband, Alexander Sanger, disagrees. He tells this personal story in his new book, Beyond Choice: Reproductive Freedom in the...

UNICEF Nigerian Polio Vaccine Contaminated with Sterilizing Agents Scientist Finds Scientist says things discovered in vaccines are "harmful, toxic" KADUNA, Nigeria, March 11, 2004 (LifeSiteNews.com) - A UNICEF campaign to vaccinate Nigeria's youth against polio may have been a front for sterilizing the nation. Dr. Haruna Kaita, a pharmaceutical scientist and Dean of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, took samples of the vaccine to labs in India for analysis. Using WHO-recommended technologies like Gas Chromatography (GC) and Radio-Immuno assay, Dr. Kaita, upon analysis, found evidence of serious contamination. "Some of the things we discovered...

This article first appeared in the January 20, 1992 edition of Citizen magazine and can be found on the LEARN website. LEARN was officially established in 1993 at the African American Pro-Life Planning Conference in Houston, Texas. One of the primary goals of LEARN is to facilitate a strong and viable network of African American and minority pro-life/pro-family advocates. L.E.A.R.N. Northeast is part of the Life Education And Resource Network (LEARN), a national network of Christian pro-life/pro-family advocates who are dedicated to protecting the pre-born and promoting traditional family values ______________________________________________________ January 20, 1992 At a March 1925 international birth...