Posted on 05/09/2003 10:43:35 AM PDT by CounterCounterCulture
Fri May 9, 3:03 AM ET
By MARTHA IRVINE, AP National Writer
CHICAGO - The law may imply that you're a grown-up when you're old enough to vote, serve in the military or drink legally. But most Americans really think adulthood begins at age 26, according to a new study from the University of Chicago.
The study said most people don't consider a person grown up until they finish school, get a full-time job and start raising a family.
Tom W. Smith, who authored the study, said Thursday the results are a sign that society has accepted what researchers have long called an "extended adolescence."
"There's a much more gradual transition (to adulthood) than was traditionally there," said Smith, a polling expert at the University of Chicago's National Opinion Research Center.
Take marriage, for example. In the 1950s, the most common age for brides was 18.
"In 2003, when you hear about an 18-year-old bride, the first thing you say is, 'Boy that's unusual — and boy, that person should've waited,'" Smith said.
According to those surveyed, the average age someone should marry was 25.7, and the age for having children was 26.2. Most respondents considered parenthood the final milestone needed to reach true adulthood.
Robert Billingham, an associate professor of human development and family studies at Indiana University, said the trend of delayed adulthood can be partly explained by society's emphasis on attending college. And, he said, as more people pursue postgraduate studies to find jobs, traditional adult activities are likely to be postponed even longer.
The new data is based on findings from the research center's 2002 General Social Survey, an ongoing poll of American adults that began in 1972 and which Smith oversees. Nearly 1,400 of those surveyed last year were asked to answer the questions about adulthood.
They were asked to rate the importance of seven stages of transition into adulthood — from attaining financial independence to getting married and having children. They also were asked to specify the ages at which those stages should be achieved.
For categories other than marriage and having children, the average ages were: financially independent, age 20.9; not living with parents, age 21.2; full-time employment, age 21.2; finishing school, age 22.3; and being able to support a family, age 24.5.
In terms of ranking each categories importance, the report found that completing an education was most valued with 73 percent of those surveyed calling it an "extremely important" step in achieving adulthood.
The remainder of the transitions followed: being employed full-time, 61 percent; supporting a family, 60 percent; being financial independent, 47 percent; living independently of parents, 29 percent; being married, 19 percent; and having a child, 16 percent. The percentages in the survey had a margin of error of 3 percentage points.
Those younger than 30 were the least likely to rank being married or having children as important criteria for being an adult.
Grant Lammersen, a 27-year-old San Franciscan, said it's true that his generation feels less pressure to get married and have kids — perhaps, he said, because so many of their parents are divorced.
"I don't think those factors are important in defining yourself as an adult," said Lammersen, who is single and works in commercial real estate.
When it comes to marriage and even buying a house, he said, "There's more of an attitude that 'It'll happen when it happens.'"
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