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The Four Loko Effect (situational specificity of tolerance)
Association for Psychological Science ^ | May 23, 2011 | Unknown

Posted on 05/23/2011 12:31:20 PM PDT by decimon

The popular, formerly caffeinated, fruity alcoholic beverage, Four Loko, has been blamed for the spike in alcohol-related hospitalizations, especially throughout college campuses.

Initially, caffeine was deemed the culprit and the Food and Drug Administration ordered all traces of caffeine to be removed from Four Loko and all other similar beverages. However, according to an upcoming evaluation in Perspectives on Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, caffeine might not be the primary cause of the spike in hospitalizations.

“Four Loko didn’t have the extraordinary intoxicating effect because of caffeine, but rather because of the phenomenon of situational specificity of tolerance”, says Shepard Siegel of McMaster University, who wrote the article to highlight the importance of unusual cues related to alcohol tolerance.

The situational specificity of tolerance implies that alcohol will have a greater effect if administered in the presence of unusual cues, rather than in familiar settings typically associated with the drug. It has been known, at least since the time of Ivan Pavlov that our bodies prepare for food when it is time to eat, or when we smell the food cooking, or when other stimuli signal that we will soon be presented with a meal. More recently, it has also been determined that we similarly prepare for a drug.

(Excerpt) Read more at psychologicalscience.org ...


TOPICS: Food; Health/Medicine; Society
KEYWORDS: alcohol; caffeine; fda; foodpolice; fourloko; nannystate

1 posted on 05/23/2011 12:31:25 PM PDT by decimon
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To: neverdem; DvdMom; grey_whiskers; Ladysmith; Roos_Girl; Silentgypsy; conservative cat; ...

Ping


2 posted on 05/23/2011 12:32:12 PM PDT by decimon
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To: decimon

My ‘not so better half’ also claims it makes her FAT. I can testify to that.


3 posted on 05/23/2011 12:40:32 PM PDT by corbe (mystified)
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To: corbe

I just wish the nannie-staters would stay out of it. Like college kids won’t drink to passing out anyways...yeah right! Personal responsibility has to come in somewhere.

All kids are going to do now is go to the extra trouble of making Jungle Juice, with who knows what in it (drugs, ruffies?)—at least with 4Loko, you know what you’re getting.


4 posted on 05/23/2011 12:50:00 PM PDT by gun_supporter
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To: decimon
“Four Loko didn’t have the extraordinary intoxicating effect because of caffeine, but rather because of the phenomenon of situational specificity of tolerance”, says Shepard Siegel of McMaster University, who wrote the article to highlight the importance of unusual cues related to alcohol tolerance.

The situational specificity of tolerance implies that alcohol will have a greater effect if administered in the presence of unusual cues, rather than in familiar settings typically associated with the drug.

Yeah, and the fact that it is 12% alcohol in a 16 oz. can (same amount of alcohol as a six pack of beer), that comes in a six pack itself that sells for only 8 bucks, and tastes like a fruit drink - has nothing to do with it.

5 posted on 05/23/2011 12:53:53 PM PDT by Talisker (When you find a turtle on top of a fence post, you can be damn sure it didn't get there on its own.)
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To: decimon
If we now experience alcohol in the presence of a novel flavor, such as an ersatz fruit flavor, we end up experiencing a heightened alcohol effect. This is because we have not associated such unusual flavors with the effects of alcohol and therefore do not make any preparatory response to lessen the drug effect.

So the claim of these 'researchers' is that fruit flavoring is 'unusual' in alcoholic drinks? I guess you've never heard of daquiris, pina-coladas or marguritas, etc....

6 posted on 05/23/2011 12:56:12 PM PDT by WayneS (Enlightened statesmen will not always be at the helm. -- James Madison)
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To: decimon
If we now experience alcohol in the presence of a novel flavor, such as an ersatz fruit flavor, we end up experiencing a heightened alcohol effect. This is because we have not associated such unusual flavors with the effects of alcohol and therefore do not make any preparatory response to lessen the drug effect.

So the claim of these 'researchers' is that fruit flavoring is 'unusual' in alcoholic drinks? I guess they've never heard of daquiris, pina-coladas or marguritas, etc....

7 posted on 05/23/2011 12:56:30 PM PDT by WayneS (Enlightened statesmen will not always be at the helm. -- James Madison)
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To: WayneS

We must ban the evil combination of fruit and alcohol

Or at least tax it heavily.....

Think of the childrun'.../s

(Boy that looks good)

8 posted on 05/23/2011 1:05:44 PM PDT by libertarian27 (Ingsoc: Department of Life, Department of Liberty, Department of Happiness)
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To: decimon

The entire field of psychology has been reduced to psychobabble, and in this article demonstrates, again, how much modern “science” resembles a religion and functions much like the Roman Catholic Church - a priesthood comprised of various religious orders.


9 posted on 05/23/2011 1:23:01 PM PDT by Wuli
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To: Talisker

Many of the beers I drink have 9% or more alcohol.

And - Bud Light has 5%, so in a six pack, is that 30%? No, it’s still 5%.

Wine has 12% or more, so where’s the outrage at wine?


10 posted on 05/23/2011 1:33:19 PM PDT by Ro_Thunder (I sure hope there is a New Morning in America soon. All this hope and change is leaving me depressed)
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To: decimon

Fascinating!


11 posted on 05/23/2011 1:36:32 PM PDT by newzjunkey
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To: WayneS
fruit flavoring is 'unusual' in alcoholic drinks?

They mentioned wine, many types are made from other fruits, not grapes.

12 posted on 05/23/2011 1:39:33 PM PDT by newzjunkey
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To: corbe
My ‘not so better half’ also claims it makes her FAT. I can testify to that.

If your wife ever puts on jeans, then asks "Does this make my butt look big", respond as lovingly as you can, "No honey. Those don't make your butt look big. WHAT MAKES YOUR BUTT LOOK BIG IS THE DIMPLY-COTTAGE-CHEESE NASTY JIGGLY FAT HANGING OFF THAT UNTONED ASS, AND YOUR NASTY SWEATY PASTY LOOKING THIGHS THAT YOU SOMEHOW WADDLE AROUND ON, DEFYING THE PHYSICS IN EVERY WAY! THE DAY I AGREED TO MARRY YOU IS THE DAY HELL ARRIVED ON EARTH!!!!! AUUUUUGHHHHHH!!!!! AUUUUUUGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHH!!!! AUUUUUUUUUGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!!!!!!!


13 posted on 05/23/2011 1:58:26 PM PDT by Lazamataz (The Democrat Party is Communist. The Republican Party is Socialist. The Tea Party is Capitalist.)
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To: libertarian27

Yummmmm


14 posted on 05/24/2011 10:06:02 AM PDT by Silentgypsy
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To: Lazamataz

You’ve always had a way w/words!


15 posted on 05/24/2011 10:07:58 AM PDT by Silentgypsy
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