This is EXTREMELY interesting. Honestly!

1 posted on 06/28/2002 6:05:31 PM PDT by vannrox

I've always been puzzled that when pyramids are discovered somewhere on Earth, folks are quick to extrapolate that there were similarities to the Egyptian pyramids and maybe a connection of civilizations (or Alien overlords?) by their mere existence.

My take is that a pyramid is so absolutely basic a form for building, that I'm only surprised that they aren't found everywhwere.

Have you ever watched a kid build with blocks, or sand, or dirt, or rocks? Inevitably, they build something that looks like a pyramid. Its just a very basic design. One that can go upwards with very little lateral support, which would entail more complicated engineering, than just 'stacking stuff up until it wants to fall over'.

In my humble opinion, there's no connection except the desire to build 'up' (for whatever reason, religious or merely practical) and lack of any other way to accomplish that feat.

2 posted on 06/28/2002 6:12:54 PM PDT by keithtoo

I seem to be following you around tonight, reading about your very interesting archeology finds. Where do you find these articles?

3 posted on 06/28/2002 6:13:27 PM PDT by jimtorr

Where do you find these articles?
That was going to be my question!!

4 posted on 06/28/2002 6:20:17 PM PDT by lizma

Yes, it is interesting. I had a subscription to Archeology magazine, but I failed to renew it. Reading articles such as this makes me want to subscribe again, I love this sort of stuff.

5 posted on 06/28/2002 6:29:56 PM PDT by dougherty

To: jimtorr; lizma

This is the best site that I have ever found for breaking and up to date news in this field. Go HERE. to visit Archaeological News Hourly.

6 posted on 06/28/2002 6:33:37 PM PDT by vannrox

Non-UFO old stuff bump

7 posted on 06/28/2002 6:37:04 PM PDT by RightWhale

A side note:
Afghanistan is considered by some (mainly afghanis) to be the site of the original Garden of Eden.

8 posted on 06/28/2002 6:39:21 PM PDT by RightWhale

There is a bit of a mystery about the ancient culture that developed there. Found this from the Detroit Free Press. Another ancient civilization found

Oasis evidence shows trade, farms, cities May 3, 2001

BY FAYE FLAM
KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS

PHILADELPHIA -- A major early civilization -- rivaling in sophistication the ones that emerged in the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia, the famed cradle of civilization -- apparently thrived in central Asia between 2200 BC and 1800 BC.

These people, who lived in desert oases in what is now Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, used irrigation to grow wheat and barley, forged distinctive metal axes, carved alabaster and marble into intricate sculptures, and painted pottery with elaborate designs, many with stylized versions of local animals, according to discoveries that have emerged during the past decade or so.

"Who would have thought that now, at the beginning of the third millennium AD, we'd be discovering a new ancient civilization," said Fred Hiebert, an archaeologist at the University of Pennsylvania Museum in Philadelphia. He has excavated in the region nearly every year since 1988, shortly before the Soviet Union fell.

Some researchers consider writing to be a criterion for any true civilization, and now Hiebert said he thinks he may have evidence for meeting that, too -- a tiny stamp seal carrying four letter-like symbols in an unidentified language. He has dated it to 2300 BC.

On May 12, Hiebert will present his findings at an international meeting on language and archaeology at Harvard University.

"The implication of the seal is incredible," he said, because there's no existing evidence that these people had a written language. And the characters engraved in the stone stamp are unlike any ever seen.

"It's not ancient Iranian, not ancient Mesopotamian. I even took it to my Chinese colleagues," he said. "It was not Chinese."

How could such an advanced culture have been so overlooked?

In the 1970s, Soviet archaeologists working in remote deserts west of Afghanistan came upon vast ruins, each one bigger than a football field. All were built with the same distinct fortress-like pattern -- a central building surrounded by a series of walls.

By the mid-'70s, the Soviet archaeologists had discovered several hundred of these structures in the areas known as Bactria and Margiana.

But their findings remained little known to the outside world because they had never been translated from Soviet journals.

"I was absolutely stunned," said Harvard archaeologist Carl Lambert-Karlovsky, who reads Russian and who, 20 years ago, first read some of the Soviet literature on this unknown world. He transferred his amazement to Hiebert, who was one of his graduate students.

No one knows the extent of this civilization, which may reach beyond Margiana, deep in the Kara Kum desert, and Bactria, which straddles the Uzbek-Afghan border.

Hiebert said he believes that a third area, Anau, outside Ashgabat near the Iranian border, is connected to this civilization, perhaps even the origin of the culture. It is about 2,000 years older, going back to 4500 BC, or the Copper Age.

A New Hampshire archaeologist, Raphael Pumpelly, had discovered ancient ruins at Anau in 1904, but the site did not receive much attention from the Russians. Only now, said Hiebert, are all the pieces, once divided by political boundaries, falling into place.

Planned, not haphazard

Over his years of study in the area where the civilization existed, Hiebert discovered that the various oases "looked like they were in the middle of nowhere, but they are part of the route everyone went on from west to east for thousands of years."

The oases, built in moist areas, created natural stepping stones on a trading route that reached from China through the Indus Valley to Mesopotamia -- all Bronze Age civilizations of the third millennium BC.

The fortress-like buildings of the civilization are larger than the biggest structures of ancient Mesopotamia or China, said Harvard's Lambert-Karlovsky. "The size at the base of some of the buildings is equivalent to the base of the pyramids," he said.

The Soviet archaeologists determined them to be temples because of their size and distinctive layout, but Hiebert, who spent time looking for bone shards, seeds and other remnants of living patterns, came to a different conclusion.

He said the buildings were more like housing complexes, with areas for ordinary people to live, others for the elite, storage areas, and what appear to be areas for ritual.

The dwellers were industrious in other ways as well. In Bactria and Margiana, there was no natural stone or metal. "It was nothing but sand," Hiebert said, and yet the ruins contained elaborate works in alabaster, marble and bronze. "The oasis people would import materials and manufacture them in their own art style."

Lambert-Karlovsky said that many of the artworks, utensils and jewelry were buried with the dead. In an unusual pattern for other early people, the women were buried with more valuables than the men.

Most of the artifacts Hiebert found remain in Turkmenistan -- the politically correct way to do archaeology today. But in his office on the fifth floor of Penn's University Museum, he displays a few.

There is a foot-tall alabaster column, a carved marble plate on a stand, an alabaster bowl, pieces of delicately painted pottery, and a bone pipe, possibly for drug use, carved into a little stylized human figure. Near the pipe, Hiebert found remains of the herb ephedra as well as poppy.

Small bronze axes carry designs, including one of a wild boar, and a piece of pottery is decorated with leopards. "Their world was full of dangers -- wild boars, snakes, scorpions," Hiebert said. These animals show up in their ritual art.

The animal patterns support an idea, suggested by the Soviet archaeologists, that the people practiced an early form of the religion known as Zoroastrianism, which originated in Persia. Animal worship was part of Zoroastrian ritual, as was the use of fire, suggested by some hearths, or altars, found in the remains of ancient buildings.

Hiebert is convinced that this oasis civilization originated around Anau. Not everyone agrees with him. At the forthcoming meeting in Boston, he expects a French team to present findings pointing to a migration from the north, rather than from Anau.

More laboratory work might reveal what the climate was like during the Bronze Age -- probably much wetter and more conducive to farming than it is now.

Hiebert plans to go back in June, armed with satellite maps he obtained with the help of NASA. These reveal wet oasis areas -- where other lost cities are likely to be found.

9 posted on 06/28/2002 6:57:45 PM PDT by BJClinton

To: vannrox; jimtorr; lizma; dougherty

The hourly Archeology News site is very interesting--thanks for the post.

David Meadows, who can be reached as dmeadows@direct.com publishes a weekly summary of ancient history news every Sunday Morning under the name of Explorator. Subscription is free and I think all you need to do is email him at the direct address and he will put you on the distribution list.

10 posted on 06/28/2002 7:40:55 PM PDT by David

Here's, I believe, the largest American pyramid at Cahokia, Illinois.

11 posted on 06/28/2002 7:51:26 PM PDT by Kermit

Q & A

Fredrik Hiebert

BY JOHN MCCALLA

It's the stuff that made Indiana Jones and that lost ark an international sensation: adventures over land, across seas and in the middle of deserts. Archaeologist Fredrik T. Hiebert, Ph.D., would probably be the last to find the glamour in his adventures, but his energetic tales and disarming enthusiasm leave listeners captivated.

The Robert H. Dyson Jr. Assistant Professor of Anthropology and assistant curator of the University Museum, Hiebert set out to be an artist, took a turn in Paris and wound up an archaeologist.

From the Silk Road to the Black Sea, Fred Hiebert searches for the common language of trade.

Photo by Candace diCarlo

His pursuits in the latter profession have made him someone to watch, with cameras from National Geographic about to track his work with research partner Robert Ballard, discoverer of the Titanic.

In November, Hiebert received a $15,000 Chairman's Award from the National Geographic Society's Committee on Research and Exploration. Throughout his career, Hiebert's chosen obsession has been the Silk Road trade routes, and since 1994, he has focused on the Black Sea connections between ancient civilizations.

His work with Ballard combines land and sea exploration in a single program, "from mountain top to ocean bottom" - a first in the research world. Hiebert's goal is nothing short of changing the way people think of the Black Sea.

Q. How did you segue from artist to archaeologist?
A. Most people, when asked how they started in archaeology, always say they were interested in it since they were a kid playing in the sandbox. I wasn't. I didn't have any interest in going to college. I was trained at Interlochen Arts Academy, a professional-arts-oriented high school. After I graduated, my teacher sent me to Paris, to an art studio in a basement at the bottom of Montmartre. When I got to Paris, they said, "We don't take apprentices." So, I had to pay to work in the studio. And the way I did that was to work for an archaeologist drawing artifacts. They kept inviting me back, so I went into the field with them, and that's how I got interested in archaeology. Then they said you can't go into archaeology unless you go to college. So I came back from a wonderful year in Paris and went to the University of Michigan.

Q. Where did you start?
A. I worked in Egypt. My first interest was in maritime trade - long-distance trade through the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. I went to Harvard after that. My first semester, my professor said, "What are you doing? You should go work overland, and compare overland with overseas trade," which sounded great, except of course I had to learn Russian to do that. So I did an intense crash course in Russian, and received an IREX year-long grant to go to the Soviet Union. It was a university-to-university exchange, and I was the first American ever to be placed in Turkmenistan.

Q. What did you do there?
A. I went out in the desert oases to look at the origins of the Silk Road. I [expected to] work with the medieval and classical Silk Road, the Silk Road that we know from historians that talked about the great trade that went across it. But we kept finding much earlier stuff. We found that the desert oases, these ports in the sand, existed for hundreds, if not thousands, of years earlier than that. So, in the spring of that year, I joined a Russian excavation out there. My wife and I went out and we lived in a tent way out in the middle of the desert in what was a dried up Bronze Age oasis. There we found the remnants of what turned out to be a separate civilization. It was not only the origins of the Silk Road, but it was a civilization that had previously been unknown, to the West that is, which was comparable in age to ancient Mesopotamia, ancient India and ancient China. We were finding the link in Asia between the great civilizations. We were finding trade items from China, from Anatolia, from the Steppe region where the nomads were, and we were even finding traces all the way to the Black Sea.

Q. When did your interest in the Black Sea escalate?
A. In 1994, when Bob Ballard, the discoverer of the Titanic, called me up almost out of the blue and said he was interested in the Black Sea for completely different reasons. His reason was that it was the world's most special deep-water environment. In the Black Sea, there are no microbes, no oxygen, no wood bores. If there were a shipwreck in that area, in deep water, it would be perfectly preserved. I thought well, this is a way to get back into this long-term interest I had in the Black Sea, and to work with someone whose technology just couldn't be beat. This was a dream situation.

Q. And what did you find?
A. The same 4,000-year-old Bronze Age culture we had found in the desert oasis, we also found in the Black Sea. But, surprisingly, we were also finding materials almost 6,000 years old. This was very interesting because it showed a strong interaction around the Black Sea. This was particularly interesting in light of what linguists have been proposing for some time about the origins of our language, Indo-European languages. Indo-European language may not be affiliated with one single culture, but it may well be an intercultural language, a trading language.

Q. What have you dug up since you started?
A. What we've done the last three years is a walking survey along one of the key port areas of the Black Sea coast. We've taken the area from being almost terra incognita, and we found over 170 sites. Trying to figure out where the key port sites are, we've been able to create a very systematic program of research that allows us to focus where we search for shipwrecks with Robert Ballard. In July 1998, we did a six-day sonar survey and must have found a dozen real targets. And that was just a test of what we're going to do. We're going to go in and do a systematic survey to see if we can find shipwrecks [or] any evidence of settlements that may have been affected by sea-level change.

Q. That method is what got you the award?
A. Yes, it is a unique structure which we call mountain top to ocean bottom. And our future work is being funded by National Geographic and the Oliver S. Donaldson Trust and the Samuel Freeman Charitable Trust in New York. It was a risk to try and do a land-and-sea operation, but I think we've been successful.

Q. And you're basically hoping to change the way people think about the Black Sea.
A. Absolutely. The coastal cultures are more closely related to each other than they are to the inland areas. This is the natural economic unit and we find it very interesting. We are having a common dialogue with our contemporary economic situation where now the borders of the Soviet Union have fallen and there's an attempt to re-establish the Black Sea as one of the major trading zones in Eurasia. As someone who has studied land and sea trade, I can tell you sea trade is a much better and a much less risky way of trading than overland. Ships represent a much more efficient way of moving stuff around. Rather than being a barrier to communication and exchange, the sea is a natural conduit for trade. We're seeing this coming back despite old [nationalistic] walls that exist which had been restricting trade through the Black Sea.

12 posted on 06/28/2002 8:12:34 PM PDT by Kermit

YES, it is extremely interesting ... thanks for posting this.

13 posted on 06/28/2002 8:42:15 PM PDT by patricia

From my limited study of linguistics, I also believe the sources of Indo-European languages not to be as written in history.
Also, I find it amazing the volumes of ideas attributed to the Greeks ... that were NOT of Greek origin.

14 posted on 06/28/2002 8:47:15 PM PDT by patricia

Thanks, bookmarked for later read at home.

15 posted on 06/28/2002 11:43:00 PM PDT by blam

To: jimtorr; blam

16 posted on 06/29/2002 3:05:55 AM PDT by JudyB1938

To: Kermit; vannrox

Both articles are interesting. The Chinese pyramids next?

17 posted on 06/29/2002 3:50:49 AM PDT by philman_36

I find it amazing the volumes of ideas attributed to the Greeks ... that were NOT of Greek origin.

Yes, like the idea that the Greeks and Archimedes invented geometry. Clay tablets found in Babylon in what appears to have been a temple school show the unmistakable signs of a geometry workbook. These tablets were a thousand years older than Archimedes.

I think it was in the same part of Babylon from about the same period that electric storage batteries were found. I always wondered how the ancients did gold and silver plating without electricity.

18 posted on 06/29/2002 5:45:02 AM PDT by jimtorr

Thanks for the article, where did you find it?

19 posted on 06/29/2002 1:22:36 PM PDT by BJClinton

the volumes of ideas attributed to the Greeks ... that were NOT of Greek origin.

True, not everyone was Greek. The Greek language was everywhere, so much was written in that common language, the coine, the Lingua Franca. No one was literate unless he could write in Greek. Okey-doke?

20 posted on 06/29/2002 2:01:54 PM PDT by RightWhale

I Googled Prof Hiebert and found it at the U Penn website. I was trying to find a picture of that seal with the new script. I wanted to see what the four letters looked like. Never found that, I emailed Prof Hiebert and we'll see if I get an answer.

21 posted on 06/29/2002 3:36:25 PM PDT by Kermit

I emailed Prof Hiebert and we'll see if I get an answer.

I'd love to see it if you get it.

22 posted on 06/29/2002 3:40:51 PM PDT by BJClinton

According to the scientists, these 15-metre-high constructions concealed for human eyes may be at least 2,700 years old.

Hmmmmm.... 15 meters is a little more than 49'.
That's a pretty good sized pile of rocks,
but still nowhere near the size of what we commonly think of as "pyramids".
If they find some interesting artifacts, good for them and science.
I just hope my tax dollars aren't paying for this along with everything else.

23 posted on 06/29/2002 3:53:52 PM PDT by Willie Green

To: vannrox; 24Karet; A.J.Armitage; abner; adam_az; AdmSmith; afraidfortherepublic; Alas Babylon!; ...

GGG ping to an oldie.

Please FREEPMAIL me if you want on, off, or alter the "Gods, Graves, Glyphs" PING list --
Archaeology/Anthropology/Ancient Cultures/Artifacts/Antiquities, etc.
The GGG Digest -- Gods, Graves, Glyphs (alpha order)

24 posted on 08/12/2004 10:07:35 AM PDT by SunkenCiv (Unlike some people, I have a profile. Okay, maybe it's a little large...)

bump to see the photo

25 posted on 08/12/2004 10:14:40 AM PDT by OldCorps

1) "I'm from the government and here to help"

2) "My name is clinton and I'm moral"

3) "I read it in pravda so it must be true."

26 posted on 08/12/2004 10:16:44 AM PDT by ChadGore (Vote Bush. He's Earned It.)

It was the Latvians who went to India, not vica versa!

27 posted on 08/12/2004 10:31:09 AM PDT by eno_ (Freedom Lite, it's almost worth defending.)

PRAVDA.RU:

Take it with a pyramid size grain of salt.

28 posted on 08/12/2004 10:32:40 AM PDT by adam_az (Call your State Republican Party office and VOLUNTEER!!!!)

29 posted on 08/12/2004 10:33:15 AM PDT by happygrl

15 meters?
Are you serious?

30 posted on 08/12/2004 10:34:10 AM PDT by Publius6961 (I don't do diplomacy either.)

I love anything to do with the Silk Road. Thank you!

31 posted on 08/12/2004 10:35:10 AM PDT by najida ("Let me get this straight, Mr. Kerry....you injury was caused by rice in you butt?")

32 posted on 08/12/2004 10:42:49 AM PDT by Havoc (.)

I find it amazing the volumes of ideas attributed to the Greeks ... that were NOT of Greek origin.

The "shock of recognition" is more than a poetic metaphor; it can hit you with physical force. This has happened to me on three occasions. One was at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in NY perhaps 25 years ago. I was, as usual, investing all my time in the antiquities. (I'm not sure I've ever made it upstairs at the MMA. Is there anything up there?)

Anyhow, after hours with the prehistoric, Egyptian, Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, etc. artifacts, I turned the corner into a special exhibition from classical Greece. I was stunned. This stuff was modern. The Greek artists saw the world the way we do. Their pieces were still alive after 2400 years. There was humor and pathos. It wasn't alien. Certainly I had read tributes to the Greeks along these lines in the history books, but it took that experience to pound the thought home. I've never wondered since why the Greeks represented such a profound turning point.

Certainly to some extent the Greeks of the early classical period translated an earlier oral tradition to writing. But in doing so, they used a rationalized, philosophically sophisticated language that reflects a fundamental shift in perspective. That was their real achievement: the independence of the intellect, the authority of reason, critical distance, the acknowledgement of conflicted motives, comedy, tragedy, and drama. There is nothing else like it in antiquity, and it was the beginning of the modern world.

I suppose classicists learn this early on. I tripped over it in a museum. Better late than never.

33 posted on 08/12/2004 11:03:05 AM PDT by sphinx

Dr Robert Schoch in his book, Voyages Of The Pyramid Builders, states that there are more pyramids in the Americas than the rest of the world combined, over 100,000.

34 posted on 08/12/2004 11:28:38 AM PDT by blam

Egyptian style pyramids

There are pyramids all over the planet. Pyramids last longer than other designs because they are of a shape that cannot fall down. Actually, many buildings that fall down assume the shape of a pyramid. But, if your building is made of 1000 ton rocks, it will last anyway.

35 posted on 08/12/2004 11:35:47 AM PDT by RightWhale (Withdraw from the 1967 UN Outer Space Treaty and establish property rights)

36 posted on 08/12/2004 11:51:58 AM PDT by SunkenCiv (Unlike some people, I have a profile. Okay, maybe it's a little large...)

It's true, inherently most stable. It helps at Giza (and some other places in Egypt) that the structures are 99 per cent solid masonry. Even so, Khufu's pyramid was so badly shaken by an earthquake (probably not long after completion, if indeed not during construction) that the corbels at the top of the Grand Gallery are only holding on by a fraction of an inch on one end.

In "COUNTING THE STONES: How Many Blocks in Khufu's Great Pyramid?" by Anthony Sakovich, KMT A MODERN JOURNAL OF ANCIENT EGYPT, VOLUME 13, Number 3, FALL 2002, a number of approximately 4 million is given for the number of stones in the Khufu pyramid. The largest stones are some of the corbels, the rest vary a great deal in size. The most common size runs about 2 tons.

Contrast this to Zahi Hawass, who claimed a few years ago that 2.3 million (the commonly used figure for the number of stones) was far too HIGH, and that the average weight of the stones was around 1000 pounds, or even less.

37 posted on 08/12/2004 12:01:37 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (Unlike some people, I have a profile. Okay, maybe it's a little large...)

A cubic yard is a ton, give or take. So we can estimate the weight of a pyramid. As to an earthquake moving the stones, yes, it would be easy for them to move a foot or more and the earthquake wouldn't even notice the weight of the pyramid. Any open interior structure would eventually collapse

38 posted on 08/12/2004 12:07:07 PM PDT by RightWhale (Withdraw from the 1967 UN Outer Space Treaty and establish property rights)

Interesting indeed. I love history.

39 posted on 08/12/2004 12:09:15 PM PDT by StoneColdGOP (Nothing is Bush's fault... Nothing is Bush's fault... Nothing is Bush's fault...)

Around when do you think the human species started building buildings out of dressed stone?

40 posted on 08/12/2004 1:22:15 PM PDT by eno_ (Freedom Lite, it's almost worth defending.)

I wouldn't know, but the oldest lithic construction seem to be in the 10,000 year old range so far. It may go back 50,000 years, but even stone would have a lifetime. Just 2,000 years does a good weathering job on exposed stone.

41 posted on 08/12/2004 2:01:35 PM PDT by RightWhale (Withdraw from the 1967 UN Outer Space Treaty and establish property rights)

>>My take is that a pyramid is so absolutely basic a form for building, that I'm only surprised that they aren't found everywhwere.<<

Yes, that is my take as well. It's like the wheel. Inevitably, all "successfull" cultures will end up with the "round" wheel. Those that have no wheel at all, or try to produce a square or triangular wheel cannot successfully carry eggs to market, and their civilization ultimately dies of malnutrition. But their meat may be more tender.

42 posted on 08/12/2004 2:06:12 PM PDT by RobRoy (You only "know" what you experience. Everything else is mere belief.)

Yeah, I hope the whole "lost city" thing gets a lot less tinfoil. I suspect we had a lot of old civilizations that are lost for now because people don't have a good idea of how long stuff lasts.

I know Danny Hillis, and the whole millennium clock thing is fascinating.

43 posted on 08/12/2004 2:06:26 PM PDT by eno_ (Freedom Lite, it's almost worth defending.)

Imagine if we could remove or see through the top 100 feet of dirt, sand, even water all over the planet, but leave made things in place. Or even the top 20 feet.

44 posted on 08/12/2004 2:14:26 PM PDT by RightWhale (Withdraw from the 1967 UN Outer Space Treaty and establish property rights)

All the technical gadgets we've come up with in the past decade or so have helped us locate long hidden relics and ruins. It's amazing and fascinating. As students, we read about Rome or Greece, Egypt or Sumeria, but it's when we actually see everyday objects they handled or had in their homes...cups, amphora, pottery, mosaics...that history comes alive.

45 posted on 08/12/2004 2:15:09 PM PDT by hershey

Yes, like the idea that the Greeks and Archimedes invented geometry.

Among the most fascinating artifacts from neolithic Scotland i.e. predating Pythagoras, Euclid, and Plato by millenia, were detailed carved stone models of the Platonic Solids, plus a myriad of other polyhedra with up to 160 sides.

For a set of stone Scottish Platonic solids from 2000BC, see the following link:

http://www.georgehart.com/virtual-polyhedra/neolithic.html

46 posted on 08/12/2004 2:18:02 PM PDT by tortoise (All these moments lost in time, like tears in the rain.)

>Egyptian style pyramids discovered in a remote region of Uzbekistan!

47 posted on 08/12/2004 2:20:35 PM PDT by theFIRMbss

48 posted on 08/12/2004 8:01:17 PM PDT by ATOMIC_PUNK (Sharing the world has never been Humanity's Defining Attribute)

Just updating the GGG information, not sending a general distribution.

To all -- please ping me to other topics which are appropriate for the GGG list. Thanks.

Please FREEPMAIL me if you want on or off the
"Gods, Graves, Glyphs" PING list or GGG weekly digest
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49 posted on 03/16/2006 9:24:25 AM PST by SunkenCiv (Yes indeed, Civ updated his profile and links pages again, on Monday, March 6, 2006.)

FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794


Voyages of the Pyramid Builders: The True Origins of the Pyramids from Lost Egypt to Ancient America by Robert M. Schoch with Robert Aquinas McNally	Voices of the Rocks: A Scientist Looks at Catastrophes and Ancient Civilizations by Robert M. Schoch Ph.D. with Robert Aquinas McNally

SO, PYRAMIDS, OR SOMETHING ELSE?

Fredrik Hiebert