Posted on 05/23/2008 3:11:09 PM PDT by blam
Orkney Islanders have Siberian relatives
Last Updated: 12:01am BST 23/05/2008
A new study on ancient human migrations suggests that Orcadians and Siberians are closely related, writes Roger Highfield.
Orkney Islanders are more closely related to people in Siberia and in Pakistan than those in Africa and the near East, according to a novel method to chart human migrations.
The surprising findings come from a new way to infer ancient human movements from the variation of DNA in people today, conducted by a team from the University of Oxford and University College Cork, which has pioneered a technique that analyses the entire human genetic makeup, or genome.
Although it provides relative genetic contributions of one group to another, rather than timings, it confirms how the first modern humans came out of Africa 50,000 years ago, mostly from a group in southern Africa called the San.
But the subsequent movements around the world, via the near east, central Asia and then Europe, turned up some surprises including a strong similarity between the Sindih, a people who once lived in Pakistan, and Orkney Islanders, or Orcadians.
In turn, the Orcadians are closely related to the people who first colonised Siberia.
"Reindeer herders (a people called the Yakut) are indeed unexpectedly related to British, because one of their strongest signals of ancestry is from Orcadians, the only British population in the sample" says Dr Daniel Falush of University College Cork, a co-author on the paper in the journal PLoS Genetics.
The Orcadians, or those closely related to them in central/northern Europe, also contribute to two other North East Asian populations, the Hezhen and Han from Northern China.
"Humans like to tell stories and amongst the most captivating is the story of the global spread of modern humans from their original homeland in Africa," says Dr Falush.
"Traditionally this has been the preserve of anthropologists but geneticists are now starting to make an important contribution."
Previous methods have either concentrated on one part of the human genetic code (for example, just the Y-chromosome) or a greatly oversimplified model of heredity.
"Our technique enables us to identify more subtle details about genetic contributions than other methods," says Dr Garrett Hellenthal of the University of Oxford, a co-author.
"By incorporating the inheritance of 'blocks' of DNA between generations, rather than just individual genes, it captures a panoramic view of the sharing of patterns of DNA across the entire human genome," he says.
"This allows us to consider a vast number of possible colonisation scenarios - not just the ones people have already thought of - and use an algorithm to determine the most likely migration routes."
The new technique was used to analyse 2540 genetic markers using DNA data from 927 individuals of diverse ethnicity whose DNA was collected by the Human Diversity Project.
The researchers believe their method can cope with much larger datasets with over 500,000 genetic markers and are now working on a detailed picture of migrations into Europe.
GGG Ping.
Grant money is forever!!
Cool!
The whole story in a nut shell: “Damn...they’re all over the place”
Today they are known as the "imperial families" ~ each of which has a detailed genealogy traced back to the earliest emperors, usually thought of as non historic.
Before that the Yakuts made the news when a remnant of Buddah's tribe in India/Nepal made the long trek back up to Yakutia where they'd first originated a thousand years earlier. This was at the time of the Hindu Revival ~ the Yakuts (and top class Koreans and Japanese ended up with those trademark Indian bazoombas).
So, the Orkney Islanders are related to them? Ever watch that survival show where the guy's always jumping out of planes into icy mountains? I think he's one of those guys.
Yup, reindeer herders ~
Remember what I said about swapping brides across the North so that all the survival genes get a good, healthy chance to be passed down? The Orkney's were definitely in play just as soon as the ice cleared ~ so those folks from the refugia in the Basque country would have already gone up there to make way for the arrival of stout lasses several millenia later. Some of the most ancient stonework in Europe is found in the Orkneys.
Today they are known as the "imperial families" ~ each of which has a detailed genealogy traced back to the earliest emperors, usually thought of as non historic.
Before that the Yakuts made the news when a remnant of Buddah's tribe in India/Nepal made the long trek back up to Yakutia where they'd first originated a thousand years earlier. This was at the time of the Hindu Revival ~ the Yakuts (and top class Koreans and Japanese ended up with those trademark Indian bazoombas).
So, the Orkney Islanders are related to them? Ever watch that survival show where the guy's always jumping out of planes into icy mountains? I think he's one of those guys.
Yup, reindeer herders ~
Remember what I said about swapping brides across the North so that all the survival genes get a good, healthy chance to be passed down? The Orkney's were definitely in play just as soon as the ice cleared ~ so those folks from the refugia in the Basque country would have already gone up there to make way for the arrival of stout lasses several millenia later. Some of the most ancient stonework in Europe is found in the Orkneys.
Well,at last we have a politically correct prehistoric homo sapien intercontinental migration—one fit to be heralded by self-loathing white leftist academia.So the Scots have some asiatic blood,meaning of course,that as a substantial part of the caucasion family tree,Scotish influence,due to their having asian roots,finally explains the general supremacy of Western Civilization.
In contrast,the Ainu of Japan or the Native Americans related to Kennewick Man (who looks,after forensic reconstruction,an awefull lot like Captain Picard)ancient caucasions and their potential contributions to non-caucasion cultures represent the height of liberal scientific dis-interest.
People have been moving around ever since we left (or stayed) in Africa about three hundred thousand years ago.Every “race” has been either conquered or replaced by another in both the old and new worlds for thousands of years.Unfortunately,the appearance of historical documentation came fairly recently so no-one knows for sure who was the native or who was the invader on any human occupied acre of earth.
There are no empiracally confirmed aborigionies or pure-bloods anywhere on the planet.
That’s up to politics and ideology to decide.
When the Emeshi (their closest blood relatives in Japan) were finally beaten by the Japanese Emperor (a Yakut descendant) and his army (full of Yakuts), the Emeshi were relocated from their traditional territory in the North to the vicinity of Fukuoka where they remain to this very day.
You know the Emeshi better as the Samurai!
The physiotype typical of the Emeshi and the Ainu is a variation of the much more typical East Asians known as Chinese, and of most American Indians.
The "Caucasion" characteristics were also inherent in the Chinese type right up to the time of the split between the Ainu and the Chinese (somewhere toward the end of the last glaciation).
ALL European people have an admixture of East Asian ancestry from Ice Age times. ALL East Asian people have an admixture of European ancestry from Ice Age times.
There is a great deal of variation in face shape and structure in both East Asian types and European types. These differences were recently reported to be of no selective advantage and changes occur randomly. It is possible that in 15,000 years the Chinese will look like Europeans, and vice versa, except for the beards.
The Japanese royal families are still closely related to the Yakut people in Yakutia. The Samurai families are still closely related to the Ainu people. The Yakut share characteristics of their reindeer hunter/herder past, and the Yakut who returned from their sojourn in Nepal/India.
The ladies in the Orkneys did not need the assistance of the Indian ladies in achieving satisfactorily large bazoombas (in many cases).
Again, do not mistake Ainu for Caucasions 'cause they ain't!
On the other hand, East Asians and Europeans are more closely related to each other than either are to Africans ~ there are hundreds of millions of individuals throughout Central Asia and the Americas who share a greater than 5% Caucasion and East /Asian ancestry.
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Thanks Blam. |
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True enough as far as current research indicates.It’s just that “science” has become so politisized eg,”Climate Change,”I get all reactionary and stuff whenever there is a new “discovery” that may be motivated and exploited by partisan interests..
Liberal academia is so mendaciouss now one has to be ever vigilant.
For instance,if it were found that,hypothetically,the Ainu WERE in fact caucasion and the direct ancestors of the Japanese royal family,it would not surprise me in the least if the evidence was burned and the ashes buried as the Northwestern American Indians want to do with Kennewick man.
Racial politics are global.We are much more divided by our selfish interests than by any genetic mutations—which are irrelevant anyway if they do not prevent interbreeding.
Oops.I meant genetic mutations are irrelevant as far as the overall state of the species is concerned—they are still worthwile as subjects of research.
Don’t want to sound all high and mighty to those who enjoy the science and histories of them.
They didn't need to, either.
http://jorde-lab.genetics.utah.edu/elibrary/Kivisild_1999.pdf
They have nothing to hide!
That Globetrekker show was about Scotland last night and had a segment on the Orkney Islands on PBS.
One point of interest is that they still have a ‘king’ who rules them—and greets the few tourists who come by ferry.
American Indian cannibals? Perish the thought or perish—no matter the empiracal evidence.
Otherwise the PC thought police are gonna get you!
Dontcha know evil in the New World was nonexistant until Columbus?
Pure BS.
Science does not work that way. I have submitted mtDNA samples in the past, and if I had evidence of an Ainu connection I would be overjoyed! There is no way I would be "burning" that evidence.
Depends on who is doing the burning.Obviously you are stuck in the archaic age of science for science sake—sans the leftist political and ideological corruption that makes once objective and empiracally determined scientific data neither.
Where have you been?
bazoombas?
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