Posted on 07/04/2002 5:27:12 PM PDT by blam
Sunday, 30 June, 2002, 15:31 GMT 16:31 UK
English and Welsh are races apart
Gene scientists claim to have found proof that the Welsh are the "true" Britons.
The research supports the idea that Celtic Britain underwent a form of ethnic cleansing by Anglo-Saxons invaders following the Roman withdrawal in the fifth century.
Genetic tests show clear differences between the Welsh and English
It suggests that between 50% and 100% of the indigenous population of what was to become England was wiped out, with Offa's Dyke acting as a "genetic barrier" protecting those on the Welsh side.
And the upheaval can be traced to this day through genetic differences between the English and the Welsh.
Academics at University College in London comparing a sample of men from the UK with those from an area of the Netherlands where the Anglo-Saxons are thought to have originated found the English subjects had genes that were almost identical.
But there were clear differences between the genetic make-up of Welsh people studied.
The research team studied the Y-chromosome, which is passed almost unchanged from father to son, and looked for certain genetic markers.
Ethnic links: Many races share common bonds
They chose seven market towns mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 and studied 313 male volunteers whose paternal grandfather had also lived in the area.
They then compared this with samples from Norway and with Friesland, now a northern province of the Netherlands.
The English and Frisians studied had almost identical genetic make-up but the English and Welsh were very different.
The researchers concluded the most likely explanation for this was a large-scale Anglo-Saxon invasion, which devastated the Celtic population of England, but did not reach Wales.
Dr Mark Thomas, of the Centre for Genetic Anthropology at UCL, said their findings suggested that a migration occurred within the last 2,500 years.
Genetic links
It reinforced the idea that the Welsh were the true indigenous Britons.
In April last year, research for a BBC programme on the Vikings revealed strong genetic links between the Welsh and Irish Celts and the Basques of northern Spain and south France.
It suggested a possible link between the Celts and Basques, dating back tens of thousands of years.
The UCL research into the more recent Anglo-Saxon period suggested a migration on a huge scale.
"It appears England is made up of an ethnic cleansing event from people coming across from the continent after the Romans left," he said.
Celtic Britons
Archaeologists after the Second World War rejected the traditionally held view that an Anglo-Saxon invasion pushed the indigenous Celtic Britons to the fringes of Britain.
Instead, they said the arrival of Anglo-Saxon culture could have come from trade or a small ruling elite.
But the latest research by the UCL team, "using genetics as a history book", appears to support the original view of a large-scale invasion of England.
It suggests that the Welsh border was more of a genetic barrier to the Anglo-Saxon Y chromosome gene flow than the North Sea.
Dr Thomas added: "Our findings completely overturn the modern view of the origins of the English."
There are the more primitive Continental Celts who moved there through Northern and Western Europe.
Then, there are the ones best called "Seagoing Celts". They started out living along the Danube near the Black Sea. They also founded a kingdom on Anatolia proper, across the sea from the Danube estuary. The Greeks called it Troy, and they called it Illium or Allium.
Prior to their involvement with the Greeks, they had association with the Phoenicians. Some of their written materials showed up in the library at Ebla.
Later on in history they engaged in conflict with the proto-Greeks known as the Romans, siding with Carthage in the Punic Wars.
These are the people whose relatives set sail from Galiza for Scota some time in the 700BC period. Still, through centuries of banging around the Bay of Biscay, there is no doubt they managed to intermix with the Basque people as well as the Continental Celts. It is their story of founding by the Three Brothers that is featured prominantly in the coastal areas of Western Europe and the non-anglo portions of the British isles (Manx, Cymru, Alba, Scota, Galiza, and Brezh).
That's interesting. I had a friend with the surname Carvajal. His name was always a mystery to me. I assumed it was Hispanic (I live in Texas), and he did have dark hair and eyes, but he really had no other Hispanic features. I never did ask him about his ethnicity, but it always occured to me that he was a white guy, and not a Spanish white guy either, but more of a northern European.
This answers some questions I had in my mind.
Some of the early families just kept on going East. They even have the King Arthur stories and everything!
The other Carvajals are from NW Spain. There are other names meaning the same thing, e.g. Gallegos, Galicos, Gallagos, Magelheis (Magellan, or McWallace).
They look just like Western Europeans although many do tend to tan deeper (messing around with the servants I'd guess).
Famous Gallegos, or Galicians, are:
Generalissimo Francisco Franco
Fidel Castro.
Even these Spanish guys have the same names, and so do the Irish, the Scots, the Welsh, the Manx and the Bretons.
Done with this. Time to take up my pipes and go out into the street and rouse the neighbors for some fireworks!
The people of color and peace would sit around writing poetry, developing advanced mathematical formulas, natural healing remedies, and adherence to complicated lists of do's and dont's - all, sadly lost to history - and eating organic vegetables - grown by a non-profit cooperative.
When the Whites saw this peaceful and sustainable development loving people, they were enraged that all of the would-be profits were being composted along with the leftover corn husks and pea pods. This could not be left to stand, so the Whites invaded the islands, killed the people and started an arms industry. The peaceful, colorful peoples poetry was used as toilet paper after the White culture's drunken orgies and dead animal product feasts.
From: Winston Churchhill's four book series titled, A History Of English Speaking Peoples book one titled, The Birth Of Britain.
I have decided that I am a longheaded Brit.
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